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Quantum Numbers and Electronic Configuration

Quantum Numbers and Electronic Configuration.

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Quantum Numbers and Electronic Configuration

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  1. Quantum Numbers and Electronic Configuration

  2. 1927, Brussels From left to right: [first row] (1) I. Langmuir, (2) M. Planck, (3) M. Curie, (4) H.A. Lorentz, (5) A. Einstein, (6) P. Langevin, (7) C.E. Guye, (8) C.T.R. Wilson, (9) O.W. Richardson[second row] (1) P. Debye, (2) M. Knudsen, (3) W.L. Bragg, (4) H.A. Kramers, (5) P.A.M. Dirac, (6) A.H. Compton, (7) L.V. de Broglie, (8) M. Born, (9) N. Bohr[third row] (1) A. Piccard, (2) E. Henriot, (3) P. Ehrenfest, (4) E. Herzen, (5) Th. de Donder, (6) E. Schroedinger, (7) E. Verschaffelt, (8) W. Pauli, (9) W. Heisenberg, (10) R.H. Fowler, (11) L. Brillouin.

  3. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle(1901-1976) • The principle states that it is impossible to know the exact position and velocity of an electron.

  4. How do I know how the electrons are distributed around Si ?

  5. How do I know how the electrons are distributed around Si ?

  6. QUANTUM NUMBERS • The shape, size, and energy of each orbital is a function of 4 quantum numbers which describe the location of an electron within an atom or ion(PROBABILITY ) n ---> energy level l ---> sublevel ,shape of orbital ml ---> designates the rotation of the orbital s ---> spin of the electron (clockwise or counterclockwise:

  7. 1. Principal Quantum Number • Designates the energy level or shell( house) n = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,......

  8. 2. Angular Momentum Quantum Number(l) • Designates the sub level where the electron can be found.Shape of orbitals(REGION IN SPACE) where the electrons can be found.( apartment) s-orbital, l = 0 p-orbital, l = 1 d-orbital, l = 2 f-orbital, l = 3

  9. 3.Magnetic Quantum Number (ml) • Designates the orbital where the electron can be found. • Ml = -l, ....o,....+ l

  10. 4. Spin quantum number(s) Describes the spin of the electron.( + ½ , - ½ ), spin up and spin down.

  11. Practice

  12. Electron Configuration Electron configuration is a shorthand notation for describing the arrangement of the electrons about the nucleus. General format using the quantum numbers: n l e- n = principle quantum number l = orbital quantum number e- = number of electrons

  13. Hydrogen: 1s 1

  14. Examples Electronic Configuration: C 1s22s22p2 2, 4 Si How do we know how many electrons are in each level?

  15. Electronic Configuration simulation http://chemmovies.unl.edu/ChemAnime/ECONFIG/ECONFIG.html

  16. Periodic Table and electronic configuration

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