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Renaissance. Power through some notes…. And we can do a project all next week. Welcome to the Renaissance (01:11). The Renaissance is the name given to the period from 1300 to 1600. This was the time of a “ rebirth ” of interest in the classical culture of Greece and Rome.
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Renaissance Power through some notes…. And we can do a project all next week
The Renaissance is the name given to the period from 1300 to 1600. This was the time of a “rebirth” of interest in the classical culture of Greece and Rome.
This rebirth period included interest in Greece and Roman: art literature language composition history philosophy
These subjects are called the humanities because they are the subjects concerned with humankind and culture, rather than science.
The Renaissance started in the urban centers of northern Italy: Genoa Venice Milan Florence
The city of Florence was the most powerful of these independent city-states. Florence ran their own affairs: collecting taxes supporting their own army
Florence was a very wealthy city because its merchants and bankers It controlled the trade routes between Europe and Asia in both textiles and banking.
By 1300’s Florence was the financial center of Europe During the Hundred Years’ War between France and England, the armies of both countries were paid with loans from the Florentine banks.
Success in business depended on the merchant’s own abilities. A merchant’s social position was notinherited. The merchants believed that they were great because of their merits as individuals.
Very wealthy people who gave money and support to the artist were called patrons. The most famous of these was Lorenzo de Medici. #NotSnape
Many wealthy Italians took interest in Greek and Roman ideas: They restored ancient art placed art in their own libraries for scholars to study.
Petrarch, 1304-1374, was an Italian poet He led the early development of humanism by: studying ancient Roman literature copying its style in his own writings.
Giotto di Bondone developed the technique of painting on wet plaster known as fresco painting. His figures looked real and lifelike.
Dante Alighieri write The Divine Comedy. It is full of comments on the political events of Dante’s time. Dante’s works showed both the religious ideas of the Middle Ages and the worldly concerns of the Renaissance.
Dante was the first poet to write in the vernacular, everyday language of the people. Scholars such as Petrarch who studied the classical texts of Greece and Rome were called Humanists.
In the Renaissance, people believed that life should be lived to the fullest extent following the examples of Greece and Rome. The people of the Renaissance were interested in these individual qualities that made one person different from all others.
The ideal Renaissance person was: educated witty charming artistically creative They valued public service and praised people who were useful to society.
Upper class women were as well educated as the men. They were expected to make use of their education at home learning languages poetry music entertaining guests graciously being a credit to their husbands
Women were not expected to take part in public life. They were better educated than the women of the Middle Ages. Women of the Renaissance had less political, economic, and social influences than the women of the Middle Ages.
The characteristics that set the Renaissance apart from the Middle Ages include: The celebration of individuals; artists wanted to be known and remembered as individuals. Two new art forms were developed. portrait painting autobiography Love of classical learning Greek culture Roman culture Enjoyment of worldly pleasures.
Renaissance humanists suggested that a person might love and enjoy these new art forms without offending God.
The Medici family made its fortune in textiles and banking. Cosimo Medici controlled Florence from 1434 to 1464. Cosimo ruled behind the scenes.
He used his personal fortune to beautify the city establish the first free public library In 1469, Cosimo’s grandson, age 21, named Lorenzo took over the behind the scenes power of Florence.
Lorenzo rules with absolute power, and became know as Lorenzo the magnificent. Lorenzo ruled from 1469 until his death in 1492.
Two years after Lorenzo’s death, King Charles VIII of France invaded Italy and attacked Florence. For the next two generations France and Spain attacked Florence all along the Italian peninsula.
The political climate of the Renaissance was one of intense rivalry for power. With French and Spanish attacks throughout Italy, diplomacy and war became the keys to survival.
Niccoli Machiavelli was a diplomat. He tried to understand why one ruler succeeded while another failed.
In 1513, he wrote a book of advice for rulers called The Prince. It was a book about power.
Machiavelli believed that most people were selfish, fickle, and corrupt. In the quest for power a ruler should not be concerned with what is morally right, but what was politically effective. Immoral acts were justified if they served the interest of the state The end justified the means.
Renaissance Art Raphael Michelangelo Leonardo da Vinci Donatello.
Renaissance art often used themes form ancient Rome and Greece, religious themes, and people busy with their daily lives.
Three major themes of Renaissance art were: Renaissance artists tried to show each individual’s character and personality in a life-like way. The paintings had balance and proportion In about 1300, an Italian painter Masaccio was the first to use perspective in his paintings.
Four geniuses of Renaissance art were Raphael, Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, and Donatello.
Raphael combined religious art with a Renaissance spirit He is famous for his Madonna paintings and the Painting of the School of Athens.
Michelangelo was a painter, poet, architect, and sculptor. He considered himself a sculptor.
He became famous because of a statue he made at the age of 23 showing Mary holding the body of Jesus after the crucifixion. The statue is called the Pietá
Pope Julius II asked Michelangelo to decorate the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican, Headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church. It took Michelangelo four years to decorate the ceiling with frescoes; watercolor paintings on fresh plaster.
