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Survey of bacteria

Composed by Bas Kooijman. Survey of bacteria. Planctobacteria. Cyanobacteria. Endobacteria. Proteobacteria. Actinobacteria. Togobacteria. Eurybacteria. Sphingobacteria. Korarchaeota. Crenarchaeota. Heliobacteria. Thaumarchaeota. Spirochaetae. Nanoarchaeota. Hadobacteria.

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Survey of bacteria

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  1. Composed by Bas Kooijman Survey of bacteria Planctobacteria Cyanobacteria Endobacteria Proteobacteria Actinobacteria Togobacteria Eurybacteria Sphingobacteria Korarchaeota Crenarchaeota Heliobacteria Thaumarchaeota Spirochaetae Nanoarchaeota Hadobacteria Euryarchaeota

  2. Lipobacteria outer membrane present, usually with murein wall between the twomembranes; outer membrane of phospholipids acyl ester lipids; lipopolysaccaride absent no flagellar shaft outside membrane

  3. Spirochaeta (Spirochaetae) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  4. Chloroflexus (Chlorobacteria Hadobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  5. Deinococcus (Deinobacteria Hadobacteria) One cell from a tetrad From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  6. Heliobacteria Heliobacterium modesticaldum Heliorestis species

  7. Glycobacteria outer membrane present, usually with murein wall between the two membranes; phospholipids in inner leaflet, lipopolysaccharides in outer leaflet acyl ester lipids small recognition RNA (in Proteobacteria) RuBisCo may be present if present, flagella pass through outer membrane

  8. Eurybacteria Selenobacteria Selenomonas, Sporomusa Fusobacteria Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia Fibrobacteria Fibrobacter Selenomonas palpitans from sheep rumen liquor

  9. Planctomyces (Planctomycetales) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  10. Gemmata (Planctomycetales) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  11. Poribacteria Bacterial types in the sponge Aplysina aerophoba 1 Long rods with membrane-bound nuclear region and S-layer-type outer membrane, cell division by septation 2 Short fat rods with membrane-bound nuclear region and electron-dense cytoplasm 3 D-shaped cells with clear membrane-bound nuclear region and S-layer-type outer membrane 4 Rods with clear membrane-bound nuclear region and gram-negative outer membrane 5 Rods with clear, membrane-bound nuclear region and S-layer-type outer membrane 6 Rods with membrane-bound compartment that is devoid of DNA; the compartment contains most of the RNA, while the DNA is restricted to the cytoplasm; the outer membrane contains budding appendages; there is an unusually wide periplasmic space and a phenotypic resemblance to G. aurantiaca Fieseler,L, Horn, M., Wagner, M. and Hentschel1, U. (2004) Discovery of the Novel Candidate Phylum “Poribacteria” in Marine Sponges APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 70: 3724–3732

  12. Anabaena (Phycobacteria Cyanobacteria) N nucleoplasmic region C carboxysome PP polyphosphate granule CP cyanophycin granule GG glycogen granules TH thylakoid PB phycobilisome S external layer (slime or sheath) OM outer memebrane PL peptidoglycan layer CM cytoplasmic membrane CW cell wall CY cytoplasma E cell envelope GV gas vesicle From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore

  13. Prochloron (Phycobacteria Cyanobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  14. Pleurocapsa (Phycobacteria Cyanobacteria) From: Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore

  15. Chamaesiphon (Gloeobacteria Cyanobacteria) From: Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore A bud enlarges B unequal fission C forming reproductive pole, r

  16. Nitrobacter (Proteobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  17. Azotobacter (Proteobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  18. Stigmatella (Proteobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  19. Bdellovibrio (Proteobacteria) From: Prescott, L.M. et al 1996 Microbiology. WCB, Dubuque

  20. Caulobacter (Hyphomicrobia Proteobacteria) From: Dworkin, M. 1985 Developmental biology of the bacteria. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co, Reading Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  21. Ancalomicrobium (Hyphomicrobia Proteobacteria) From: Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore

  22. Pedomicrobium (Hyphomicrobia Proteobacteria) 1 mother cell with hyphae and buds 2 young bud 3 mature bud with flagellum 4 swarmer cell 5 young mother cell attached to surface 6 mature mother cell, beginning bud formation From: Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore

  23. Myxococcus (Thiobacteria Proteobacteria) From: Dworkin, M. 1985 Developmental biology of the bacteria. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co, Reading

  24. Leucothrix (Thiobacteria Proteobacteria) From: Staley, J. T. et al 1989 Bergey’s manual of Systematic bacteriology. William & Wilkins, Baltimore

  25. Saprospira (Flavobacteria Sphingobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  26. Chlorochromatium (Chlorobibacteria Sphingobacteria) (= Chlorochromatium) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  27. Posibacteria (Gram-positive bacteria plus mycoplasmas, thermotogales) single cytoplasmic membrane only, no outer membrane large signal recognition RNA acyl ester lipids; murein widespread

  28. Streptomyces (Actinobacteria) From: Dworkin, M. 1985 Developmental biology of the bacteria. Benjamin/Cummings Publ. Co, Reading

  29. Bacillus (Endobacteria) From: Margulis, L. & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY Prescott, L.M. et al 1996 Microbiology. WCB, Dubuque

  30. Mycoplasmas (Aphragmabacteria Endobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  31. Thermogota (Togobacteria) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  32. Archaebacteria single cytoplasmic membrane only, no outer membrane large signal recognition RNA isoprenoid ether lipids; murein absent presence of N-linked glycoprotein (as in eukaryotes and some other bacteria)

  33. Nanoarchaeum equitans (Nanoarchaeota) Found at 90°C in submarin vents Epibiontic on Archaebacterium Ignicoccus, which grows anaerobically on S, H2, CO2 and produces H2S Intracellular membranes present Diameter 400 m, genome size 0.5 Mbp After: Huber, H., Hohn, M. J., Rschel, R. and others 2002 A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiomt, Nature417: 63 - 67

  34. Euryarchaeota Archaeoglobi Halobacteria Methanobacteria Methanococci Methanomicrobia Methanopyri Thermococci Thermoplasmata Methanobacterium From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY Halobacteria sp. strain NRC-1 each cell about 5 μm long.

  35. Thermoplasma (Thermoplasmata Euryarchaeota) From: Margulis, L & Schwartz, K.V. 1998 Five kingdoms.Freeman, NY

  36. (Thaumarchaeota) Cenarchaeales Nitrosopumilales

  37. Acidilobales Desulfurococcales Sulfolobales Thermoproteales (Crearchaeota)

  38. Korarchaeum(Korarchaeota) Korarchaeum cryptofilum

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