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Sociolinguistics Studies: Data Variation & Collection Methods

Explore linguistic and social variables in variation studies. Learn about data collection methods, sampling techniques, and formality levels in language use. Overview of theories on language variation. Prepare for assessments with readings on social networks and language ideology.

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Sociolinguistics Studies: Data Variation & Collection Methods

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  1. L23B: Sociolinguistics 2005-2006 Please Turn off all cellular phones & pagers L23B Website: www.mona.uwi.edu/dllp/courses/l23b

  2. Course Assessment • Incourse Test (40% of total grade) TEST DATE: MONDAY, APRIL 3, 2006 (2-4pm) • Final Exam (60% of total grade)

  3. Topics for this Session • Brief Review • Data Collection & Analysis cont’d • Variation Studies

  4. Variation Studies - Micro Process – identify: • linguistic variables • social variables • relationship between (1) & (2) • data collection method • sample to be used

  5. Types of collection method: • Self–reported method: Questionnaires or Interviews (structured or open-ended) • Audio/Visual recording • Overt or covert Observation

  6. Questionnaire • Structured: • Which language do you use at work? Creole_ English_ Other_ (ii) Which language do you use at home? Creole_ English_ Other

  7. Questionnaire • Open-ended Which language or languages do you use at home and why? Possible response – “I use Creole sometimes, to speak to my grandma, but English to speak to my parents. They do not like to hear me speak Creole, since I am now at ‘university’. It creates a problems for me to speak sometimes when I am at family functions…”

  8. Levels of Formality: • casual speech • careful speech • reading • wordlist of specific variables • minimal pairs

  9. Word list: ‘ng’ variable Sing Singing Eating Contemplating Minimal Pairs Ring vs. sing Sin vs. sing Run vs. rung Formality

  10. SAMPLING Types of sample: (taken from Wolfram & Fasold- Prescribed Text, ch.9, pg.89-90) • Random – “each person in the total population has an equal chance of being selected from the sample”. • Representative sample – used by Labov “the social composition is pre-determined and then informants are chosen to represent these categories”

  11. Trudgill (Norwich) Main Conclusions drawn: • Men and women had different notions of ‘prestige language’ • Hence distinction between: Overt & Covert Prestige.

  12. THEORIES developed to account for variation Social Networks Accommodation Theory Acts of Identity Ideology & language use

  13. Readings – Next Class • Readings on Social Network, Acts of Identity, Language Ideology, Accommodation Theory, etc.

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