1 / 83

Blood Vessels

Blood Vessels. Arteries carry blood away from heart Ventral aorta Dorsal aorta Aortic arches between the two. Key Points. There are 7 visceral arches and yet the previous slide only showed 6 aortic arches, why?. Ventral aorta & Aortic Arches. Fish Afferent branchial artery

faraji
Télécharger la présentation

Blood Vessels

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Blood Vessels • Arteries carry blood away from heart • Ventral aorta • Dorsal aorta • Aortic arches between the two

  2. Key Points • There are 7 visceral arches and yet the previous slide only showed 6 aortic arches, why?

  3. Ventral aorta & Aortic Arches • Fish • Afferent branchial artery • Gill capillaries • Efferent branchial artery • Teleosts – 1 & 2 are gone • Lungfish – Pulmonary artery is branch from 6th aortic arch – efferent region

  4. Tetrapod Ventral Aorta & Aortic Arches • General pattern • 6 arches in embryo • 1 & 2 rapidly regress • Internal carotid artery is formed from arch 3 plus paired dorsal aortae • Fifth aortic arch is gone in most

  5. Tetrapod Ventral aorta & Aortic Arches • Pulmonary artery is a branch from arch 6 • Common carotid artery is from ventral aorta • External carotid artery is from common carotid artery

  6. Amphibian Ventral Aorta & Aortic Arches • Urodeles have ductus caroticus present meaning blood in arch three can go cranial or caudal • Anurans have no ductus caroticus, so that blood in third aortic arch can only go towards the head

  7. Reptile Ventral Aorta & Aortic Arches • Two aortic trunks from conus arteriosus – sends blood to arch 3 and 4 • One pulmonary trunk from conus arteriosus – sends blood to 6th aortic arch • Otherwise similar to amphibians

  8. Birds & Mammals Ventral Aorta & Aortic Arches • One aortic trunk that sends blood to arches 3 and 4 • One pulmonary trunk sends blood to arch 6 • Fourth Aortic Arch • Right side stays in birds • Left side stays in mammals • Right side of 4th arch becomes subclavian A. in mammals

  9. Bird & Mammal Ventral Aorta & Aortic Arches • Ductus arteriosus is in fetus only. It is a bypass of blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta • Carotids have same general pattern

  10. Key Points • Why would the mammalian fetus need a bypass from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta?

  11. Dorsal Aorta • General Pattern • Paired in head & pharynx in embryo and stays paired in adult as internal carotid arteries • Single in trunk • Becomes the caudal artery

  12. Key Points • Where do you find the caudal artery in the shark? Compare its location with the notochord and the nerve cord.

  13. Dorsal Aorta • Ventral Visceral branches • Celiac A. supplies stomach, pancreas, liver • Mesenteric A. supplies intestine (may be more than one)

  14. Dorsal Aorta • Lateral visceral branches • Urogenital

  15. Dorsal Aorta • Somatic branches to skin, spine, muscles • Subclavian A  Brachial A. supplies arm • Iliac A  Femoral A. supplies leg

  16. Veins • Veins start as capillaries and carry blood towards the heart

  17. Key Points • Define artery • Define capillary • Define vein • Define trunk • Define sinus

  18. Cardinal Stream • Sharks • Common Cardinal Vein • Anterior cardinal vein – drains head • Posterior cardinal vein drains kidney, body wall, gonads, and most of body except digestive structures

  19. Key Points • Trace the blood flow from the shark’s kidney to its ventral aorta.

  20. Cardinal Stream • Amphibians • Most of postcardinal disappears in anurans, but persists in urodeles

  21. Cardinal Stream • Amniotes • Postcava (=inferior vena cava = caudal vena cava) • Takes the place of the Posterior Cardinal Vein • Drains some of hindlimbs in crocodiles, all of hindlimbs in mammals and eventually drains most of trunk and tail, in addition to hind limbs

  22. Cardinal Stream in Amniotes • Azygous/Hemiazygous • From R. Posterior Cardinal V. • Provides alternate route from structures caudal to diaphragm • Mammals only

  23. Cardinal Stream in Amniotes • Precava (= superior vena cava = cranial vena cava) • From Common Cardinal Vein • In cats and humans, Right Precava persists and lose most of left.

  24. Cardinal Stream in Amniotes • Internal Jugular Vein • Drains brain • From the Anterior Cardinal Vein

  25. Key Points • Trace the blood flow from the brain of a crocodile to the sinus venosus.

  26. Renal Portal Stream • A Portal is a vein that begins and ends in a capillary bed • Fish – drains tail to kidney • Amphibians – drains hindlimbs to kidneys • Reptiles and birds – bypasses kidneys and goes to postcava • Mammals –not present

More Related