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Lecture 2 Title: Computer Software

This lecture delves into the various types of computer software, including system, utility, and application software. It explains the roles they play in managing computer operations and troubleshooting tasks. Additionally, it addresses computer security threats, such as viruses, hackers, and spyware, emphasizing the importance of antivirus software and regular updates for protection. By providing clear definitions and examples, this lecture equips users with the knowledge needed to navigate the software landscape effectively and safeguard their computing environments.

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Lecture 2 Title: Computer Software

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  1. By: Mr Hashem Alaidaros MIS 101 Lecture 2Title: Computer Software

  2. Objective • To know what are the computer software types • To be familiar with virus, hacker, spyware

  3. Software Types • Software: Consists of a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do. • Also called “program” • Three types of software: • System software (Operating System) • Utility software • Application software

  4. 1. System Software • What is System Software? • It is programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices • Manage all software and hardware tasks • BIOS • Operating System (OS): • Allow users to run application software • Manages the computer processes • Functioning as interface connecting the user, the application and the hardware. How?

  5. System software EXAMPLES of Input/Output operations • OS reads mouse movement and writes to display screen. • You move the mouse---what do you expect to happen? • What that involves… • Manage interrupt. • OS reads mouse wheels. • OS draws cursor arrow (changes pixel colors so arrow appears to be “moving”).

  6. System Software • Windows XP (Microsoft product) • Mac • Linux: freeware (Open source) • Unix

  7. Command-driven vs. Menu-driven Interface User interface: • Controls the manner of interaction between the user and the operating system Command-driven interface • The user must type in strings of characters to issue commands. The mouse may NOT be used Menu-driven interface • The user is provided with menus (on-screen lists of options to choose from) that are used to issue commands

  8. Multitasking • The execution of two or more programs by one user concurrently on the same computer with one central processor

  9. Graphical User Interface • GUI: • Allows you to interact with the software using graphics and icons • Controls how you enter data and how the screen displays information

  10. 2. Utility Software • Utility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs • Types of utility software • Disk image • Disk optimization • Encrypt data • File and data recovery • Text protect • Preventative security • Spyware • Uninstaller

  11. 3. Application Software • Application software are programs that perform specific tasks for users (It is the reason that one wants to buy a computer). • Types of application software • Bowser • Communication • Data management • E-mail • Presentation graphics • Programming • Spreadsheet • Word processing

  12. Application Software • Includes many executable filesand data files: • Installer program (eg: setup.exe) • Uninstaller program (why important?) • Main executable file (eg: winword.exe) • Support modules (eg: .dll files) • Called by the PROGRAM, not by the user • Data modules (eg: MS Word dictionary)

  13. Application Software • Two types of Application software: • Prewritten application software • Custom application software

  14. 1. Pre-written • It is Ready application • Users only need to install (with a little modification if need) the software on their hardware • It has two important benefits: • Available now and on the hand • Less expensive than custom software

  15. 2. Custom • What if an organization has unique business need? • In these cases, the business may have its own programmers to create a software to meet their needs • Programmer: Someone who develops application or system software • Programmer writes the instructions to direct the computer to process data into information • Why is custom software more expensive than prewritten software?

  16. Software Updates • Operating system update and application software update • Operating system: Windows • Application software: real player • New hardware and software daily • Benefits of updates: • Security • Efficiency

  17. Software Updates • How to update? • For windows, update from www.microsoft.com • Or: from Internet explorer: tool-> windows update • Once a week or a month • No email receive for update (Be careful)

  18. Hacker • Hacker: are people who try to break into computer systems in order to: • get information • Deny accessing to your computer resources • Delete files and others

  19. Virus • Computer viruses are: small computer programs that replicate by inserting themselves into computer recourses • Files and programs become infected • Worm is type of virus and it doesn’t have to attach itself to a program or file to cause harm (Self-contained) • Worm can: • Delete files • Change files • Send email • Cause problem in a number of other ways

  20. Virus • How to be protected from viruses? • Install antivirus software • AVG, Norton, MCafee,…etc • Security strength and Performance • Update

  21. Spyware • Spyware is a small computer program that monitors what you are doing with your computer resources. • Advertisement pop-up • Auntispyware software: adware, microsoft antispyware

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