THE SLAVE TRADE

1. THE SLAVE TRADE BY GRACE MATUTA 8X1

2. The slave trade The over growing European empires in north, south and central America lacked a important resource- workers. At first the European colonists attempted to use native Americans to work but that didn’t go very well. The native Americans would slip away and come back with others to punish those who tried to enslave them. The Portuguese's eventually discovered that Africans were excellent workers. The Africans did not want to be slaves. They had been captured and forced into slavery. Eventually, thousands of Africans went to America in the 18th and 19th centuries because they were taken as slaves. The things that made life horrible for the Africans was that may dies on their journey by sailing ship. Those who survived were sold in auctions and put to work on farms.

3. The end of slavery, the start to freedom Abraham Lincoln was one of those people who thought that slavery was wrong and wanted to put a stop to it, In 1860 Abraham Lincoln won the presidential elections for the Republican party. It was a time of crisis in America. Slavery was a big problem. The Southern states needed slaves to work on their big farms and the people in the North were against slavery In 1861 the American Civil War started. The Southern states broke away from the North and formed their own army. It became the bloodiest war in American history. On January 1st 1863, Lincoln declared that all slaves in America were free. But nothing really changed for them. They kept on working for white landowners in the Southern states for the next decades. As the war went on, the Northerners won many battles—the most famous one was at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. On April 9th 1865 the South gave up and the war was over

4. Introduction to blues music Music played an important part in the lives of the African slaves because in the songs they expressed their unhappiness. The most popular instrument was the drums. The ways it could be played was with the palm of their hands, their finger tips or with sticks. An off beat rhythm was when the slaves wore anklets and when they stamped in time with the music they would jingle. Jaw bones were turned into percussion instruments when the teeth were scraped with keys or metal objects. All the instruments used were drums, shakers, tambourines, scrapers and the fiddle

5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DakYeOkrEy0&playnext=1&list=AL94UKMTqg-9ByCw-6NX856R9LHUtla-UHhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DakYeOkrEy0&playnext=1&list=AL94UKMTqg-9ByCw-6NX856R9LHUtla-UH Riley B. King AKA BB King In 1949, King began recording songs under contract with Los Angeles-based RPM Records. Many of King's early recordings were produced by Sam Phillips, who later founded Sun Records. Before his RPM contract, King had debuted on Bullet Records by issuing the single "Miss Martha King" (1949), which did not chart well. "My very first recordings [in 1949] were for a company out of Nashville called Bullet, the Bullet Record Transcription company," King recalls. "I had horns that very first session. I had Phineas Newborn on piano; his father played drums, and his brother, Calvin, played guitar with me. I had Tuff Green on bass, Ben Branch on tenor sax, his brother, Thomas Branch, on trumpet, and a lady trombone player. The Newborn family were the house band at the famous Plantation Inn in West Memphis." Performing with his famous guitar, Lucille King assembled his own band; the B.B. King Review, under the leadership of Millard Lee. The band initially consisted of Calvin Owens and Kenneth Sands (trumpet), Lawrence Burdin (alto saxophone), George Coleman (tenor saxophone),[17] Floyd Newman (baritone saxophone), Millard Lee (piano), George Joyner (bass) and Earl Forest and Ted Curry (drums). Onzie Horne was a trained musician elicited as an arranger to assist King with his compositions. By his own admission, he cannot play chords well[18] and always relies on improvisation. This was followed by tours across the USA with performances in major theaters in cities such as Washington, D.C., Chicago, Los Angeles, Detroit and St. Louis, as well as numerous gigs in small clubs and juke joints of the southern US states. In the winter of 1949, King played at a dance hall in Twist, Arkansas. In order to heat the hall, a barrel half-filled with kerosene was lit, a fairly common practice at the time. During a performance, two men began to fight, knocking over the burning barrel and sending burning fuel across the floor. The hall burst into flames, which triggered an evacuation. Once outside, King realized that he had left his guitar inside the burning building. He entered the blaze to retrieve his beloved guitar, a Gibson hollow electric. Two people died in the fire. The next day, King learned that the two men were fighting over a woman named Lucille. King named that first guitar Lucille, as well as every one he owned since that near-fatal experience, as a reminder never again to do something as stupid as run into a burning building or fight over women. Riley B King also known as his stage name BB King was born on September 16 ,1925(age 88) near Berclair ,Mississippi, United States

6. The 12 bar blues is the most common form of blues. The 12 bar blues consist of 3 cords. A cord is two or more notes played together at the same time. The 12 bar blues notes are C,F,G C consist of c,e g,a. F consist of f,a,c,d and G consist of g,b,d,e The Melody line notes are C3,D,D# and G. The order of the melody line are G,G,G, C3,D,C3,D#,D,C3 In between the notes of the last G and the beginning C3, you rest and count for 2 seconds. At the end of the melody line, to play it again you rest and count for 8 seconds. Improvisation is making up as we go along. The notes for the 12 bar blues scale are C3,D#,F,F#,G,A# and C4 also these notes can be played in however order you wish. All or some of these notes can be used for the musical technique ‘IMPROVISATION’. This is played between the slots of 1-8 counts. The 12 bar Blues