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Overview of Power Sector and Demand Side Management (DSM)

Overview of Power Sector and Demand Side Management (DSM). Alok Gupta, Chief Engineer, CEA 09868913762 alokgupta53@yahoo.co.in cedpdcea@yahoo.co.in. Journey Begins. OUTLINE. OVERVIEW OF POWER SECTOR-PRESENT AND FUTURE WHY DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT OF PEAK REDUCTION

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Overview of Power Sector and Demand Side Management (DSM)

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  1. OverviewofPower SectorandDemand Side Management(DSM) Alok Gupta, Chief Engineer, CEA 09868913762 alokgupta53@yahoo.co.in cedpdcea@yahoo.co.in Journey Begins

  2. OUTLINE • OVERVIEW OF POWER SECTOR-PRESENT AND FUTURE • WHY DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT • ASSESSMENT OF PEAK REDUCTION • THRUST ON ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSFORMERS • TYPICAL DISCOMs INITIATIVES • DSM AND SMART GRID • TARIFF PATTERNS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES • CONCLUSION

  3. INSTALLED CAPACITY IN INDIA (GW) Total 186.65 GW

  4. POWER SUPPLY POSITION FOR 2010-11

  5. POWER SUPPLY POSITION (up to Nov 2011)

  6. Peak power shortages(%)

  7. Per capita Consumption (kWh)

  8. SNAP SHOT OF PRESENT AND FUTURE • Expected GDP growth 8-9% • Power sector to grow @ 10% or more • 17000 MW is to be added during 2011-12 • 50000 MW+ during 11th plan • 75000 MW planned during 12th plan • 150000 MVA transformation capacity planned during 12th plan (220 kV and above) • 100000 ckm (220 kV and above) planned for 12th plan • 13 Lakhckm (33 kV and below ) to be added in 12th plan • AT&C losses expected around 15% from present level of 27% • Commercial losses of DISCOMs with subsidy Rs 42415 Crs

  9. DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT LOAD MANAGEMENT + ENERGY EFFICIENCY + ELECTRIFICATION Thermal storage and customer load shifting. Flexible load shape involves making the load shape responsive to reliability conditions.

  10. WHY DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT • Peak Shortages • Energy Shortages • Coal Shortages • Dependence on import of Coal • Paucity of Gas and Liquid Fuels • To optimise Generation Resources

  11. WHY DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT • Reduction in infrastructural cost –peak reduction • Reduction in Line Losses • Increase in effective system capacity • Reliability improvement • Improved markets • Less dependence on foreign resources • Low carbon emissions and environment improvement

  12. WHY DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT • Reduction in energy consumption • Lower energy Bills • Better equipment performance and longer life • Employment generation and load research programmes (ESCO & Utilities) • Use of Innovative technologies and services(ESCO)

  13. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PATTERN(2010-11) (Utilities & Non-Utilities) 13 Total 710,674 GWh (provisional)

  14. Mining Industry Load Curve (kW) 04-12-2011 10-12-2011

  15. Steel Industry Load Curve (kW) 04-12-2011 10-12-2011

  16. ANTICIPATED SECTORWISE ELECTRICAL ENERGY SAVING (2012-17) AT BUS BAR -60.17 B.U Source:BEE

  17. ALL INDIA DEMAND FOR 15-12-2011 106793 MW (18:34hrs) 96995 MW Min 88451 MW (04:00 hrs) Gap between Peak and Avg-9798 MW Gap between Min and Avg- 8544 MW

  18. PEAK CLIPPING THROUGH CFLs 18

  19. PEAK CLIPPING THROUGH PF IMPROVEMENT 19

  20. Saving due to Energy Efficient Transformers 20

  21. Assessment of peak reduction* * Based on reasonable assumptions

  22. HINDUSTAN LATEX SYSTEM • APFC installed by CDAC • Transformer capacity-630 kVA • APFC Capacity-150 kVAR • Power factor-Near Unity • Financial saving-0.8 lakh per annum • Max Demand reduced by 100 kVA

  23. Reactive power compensation (peak hours)

  24. Substation 2A, Nila Building-IT Park Trivendrum STATCOM - I Date : 12-11-10 Transformer – I Reactive current and Neutral current compensation

  25. Nila Building-IT Park Trivendrum Substation 2A, STATCOM - II Transformer – II Reactive current compensation Date : 05-07-10

  26. TYPICAL UTILITY INITIATIVES • Bachat Lamp Yojna • Replaced Refrigerators and ACs With Star Rated (discount) • Replaced Conventional hoardings with LED Hoardings • Raising or Lowering AC Temperature • LED Street Lights With Centralised Switching Off/On • Used Automatic Power Factor Correcting Devices • Used Adjustable Speed Drives With DVR/STATCOM • Replaced inefficient Pumps • Avoided Municipal Pumping in Evening and Morning Peak • Changed Metal Halide Lamps With LED Lamps • Segregation of Agriculture Feeders

  27. TOD METERING-Bulk Consumers • ASSAM • BIHAR • CHATTISHGARH • GOA • GUJARAT • JHARKHAND • KARNATKA • MAHARASHTRA • MADHYAPRADESH • UTTAR PRADESH • WEST BENGAL • Cost Benefit studies • Consumer survey • Real time data

  28. LOAD RESEARCH • ADOPT FORECASTING TECHNIQUES TO PREDICT LOAD DEMAND • SYSTEMATIC GATHERING AND ANALYSING OF DATA • LOAD PROFILE TO BE MEASURED PERIODICALLY • ANALYSE LOAD CHANGES PATTERN FOR SPECIAL DAYS, SEASON • ANALYSE BEHAVIOUR OF CONSUMERS & LOAD • INTERACT WITH CONSUMERS • CREATE DATA BASE

  29. DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT-SERVICES Interrupted from Center control Triggered by system contingencies or high whole sale price Not from Center control Voluntary cut but not penalised Demand side resource not connected to grid Bidding in Market to identify load and price

  30. BASE LINE CONCEPT- DEMAND RESPONSE

  31. TIME OF USE PRICING 31

  32. Price rises with electricity usage Time block rates Above TOU for fixed no of days on peak For all 24 hours on max no of days Half hourly or hourly rates

  33. CHILLER SYSTEM –`STORAGE MEETING FULL LOAD

  34. CHILLER SYSTEM FOR LOAD LEVELLING

  35. CHILLER SYSTEM FOR DEMAND LEVELLING STRATEGY

  36. SMART GRID FIVE - CONTROL MODES Utility DRED 1..n Device1..n In mode five DRED can be built in Smart Meter Utility DRED Device1..n Utility Smart Meter DRED Smart Devices Other Interfaces Non-Smart Devices Utility Smart Meter DRED Smart Devices Customer Other Interfaces Smart Devices

  37. DR MODES

  38. SMART GRID ENABLESELECTRIC VEHICLE SMART CHARGING GWh Time-shifting Electricity Home Area Network AMI/SmartGrid

  39. VEHICLE TO GRID STANDARDSUnder development Supply Equipment communication controller Electrical vehicle Supply equipment • IEC 15118 –DSM with EV • IEC 62196 [3]-defines plugs, socket outlets, vehicle connectors and vehicle inlets. • IEC 61851 [4] standardises EV conductive charging systems based on either AC or DC • The Smart Charge Communication Protocol Suite (SCCPS) is part of a pilot project initiated in order to fill the gap of standardisation for PLC- and IP-based communication between EVs and EVSEs at that time. • IEEE 1547 covers grid connectivity

  40. TRADITIONAL VS SMART GRID DEMAND RESPONSE 40

  41. STATUS OF SMALL PILOTS IN INDIA

  42. STATUS OF SMALL PILOTS IN INDIA

  43. FUTURE OF AMI PILOTS IN INDIA • 8 pilots with mix of functionalities are proposed • AMI for industrial ,domestic included • Other functionalities are DG integration, microgrid operation, power quality improvement and outage mangement • Rfp and evaluation criteria being finalised • Contribution from DISCOMs sought • Working on cost effective meter in progress • Evaluation committee to examinee DPRs formed • Discoms and towns being identified

  44. TYPICAL TARIFF PATTERN IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES 44

  45. EDF ELECTRICITY PRICES IN UK Standing Charges-Fixed Charges

  46. PEAK CHOICE DR PROGRAMME –PG&E • Customer must elect one option from each feature below: • Minimum Event Notification Time • Event duration • Maximum no of events per summer season • Maximum consecutive event days • Event window (period when an event can occur) • Type of load commitment

  47. PEAK CHOICE INCENTIVE DR PROGRAMME PG&E

  48. SMART METER PAYBACK

  49. DEMAND RESPONSE ARCHITECTURE 865 – 867MHz/ PLCC GPRS

  50. Smart Grid DR Architecture

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