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Carbon allotropes

Carbon allotropes. The physical properties depend on the chemical bonding. Diamond. Strong covalent bonds in 3 dimensions Every carbon atom bonds 4 other carbon atoms in a crystalline lattice The hardest material known. Diamond . Hard, colourless, insulator

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Carbon allotropes

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  1. Carbonallotropes

  2. The physicalpropertiesdepend on the chemical bonding

  3. Diamond Strong covalentbonds in 3 dimensions Everycarbon atom bonds 4 other carbon atoms in a crystallinelattice The hardest material known

  4. Diamond • Hard, colourless, insulator • Tetrahedral, giant structure • Covalent bond => sp3 orbitals (HL)

  5. Graphite The double bondsare delocalised and move- electricconductivity in the plane The planes bond withweakintermolecular bonds- van derWaals bonds The layersmoveeasily- graphitecolours Animation

  6. Graphite • Slippery, black, electricity conductor • Layers of fused six-membered rings. Each carbon surrounded by three others in a planar trigonal arrangement => sp2 + p-orbital (HL) • The p-orbital is perpendicular to the layer and give close packed p-orbitals • stabilise the layers • Delocalisation of electrons => electrical conductivity

  7. Fullerenesoch nanotubes Nanotubes

  8. Fullerene, C60 • Spherical molecule. Looks like a football. 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons. • Bonds: C60 –hydration C60H60 (C2H4 + H2 C2H6 ; 1 H2 / double bond) Each carbon has a double bond

  9. Graphén

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