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Policing

Policing. Police. After a complaint or referral, a police officer has three options: Unfounding Charging Initiating Extrajudical Measures Given police DISCRETION, what factors lead to charges or use of EM?. Carrington (1998) on discretion in the policing of juveniles in Canada.

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Policing

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  1. Policing

  2. Police • After a complaint or referral, a police officer has three options: • Unfounding • Charging • Initiating Extrajudical Measures • Given police DISCRETION, what factors lead to charges or use of EM?

  3. Carrington (1998) on discretion in the policing of juveniles in Canada • “Legal” and “Extralegal” defined • Carrington (1998) examined the role of a large number of factors contributing to police decision to arrest and found that the most consistent decisions related to the severity of the crime, a “legal” factor. • The most important “extralegal” factor was aboriginal or non-aboriginal status.

  4. Extrajudicial Measures • EM are administered by provinces/territories and are usually reserved for first-time, non-serious offenses. Youth must admit guilt at police contact. They include • Restorative Approaches • Restitutive/Retributive Approaches

  5. From AM to EM • EM were precede by AM under the YOA and there were several factors that may have undermined their efficacy, including: • In some jurisdictions they were rarely implemented or used; • Community awareness of them was generally low; • They relied on volunteers (eg The John Howard Society) and thus lacked resources; • They “widened the net.”

  6. However, there was no clear evidence that AMdidn’twork, and anecdotal accounts of Calgary’s VORP suggested a very low rate of recidivism. Thus, VORP has become a standard nationwide under the YCJA’s “conferences.”

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