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State Government

Explore the historical journey of Missouri State Government from its first constitution in 1820 to the current 1945 constitution, highlighting key branches, amendments, legislative process, and roles of executive officials. Discover the evolution of political power and rights in Missouri.

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State Government

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  1. State Government The Missouri Constitution

  2. First Constitution1 of 5 • Written in 1820 • Statehood – August 10, 1821 • Established basic structure • Three branches • Included Bill of Rights

  3. First Constitution2 of 5 • Executive Branch under first constitution: • Governor – elected • Lt. Governor – elected • All others appointed

  4. First Constitution3 of 5 • Legislative Branch: General Assembly • Elected by popular vote • Two houses (bicameral) • Each county had 1 House Representative (60)

  5. First Constitution4 of 5 • Judicial Branch • Supreme Court • Circuit Courts • All judges appointed by governor for life

  6. First Constitution5 of 5 • Opposition to first constitution • Salary of Governor ($2K) • Life term of judges • Appointed executives • Under representation in the House

  7. 1865 Constitution • Reflected Civil War hostility • Freed Slaves (before 13th) • “Iron-Clad” loyalty oath • Public education

  8. 1875 Constitution • Longer than first two • Set aside 25% of state money for schools • Strengthened governor’s power

  9. 1945 Constitution • Decided to rewrite rather than change 1875 Constitution • Currently in use • All political power comes from the people

  10. 1945 Constitution • 13 Articles • Amendments are placed within the articles

  11. Article I 1 of 2 • BILL OF RIGHTS • Adapted to “modern conditions”

  12. Article I 2 of 2 • Rights beyond U.S. Constitution: • Rights for unions • Removed discriminations against women • Extended freedom of speech to radio • Rights for crime victims • Separation of church & state; no state monies to churches

  13. Article II • DISTRIBUTION OF POWER • Set up 3 branches of state government: legislative, executive, judicial

  14. Article III • LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT • General Assembly • House of Representatives • Senate

  15. General Assembly1 of 2 • Two houses – bicameral • House of Representatives • Senate • Sessions begin in January • Make state laws • Equivalent of U.S. Congress

  16. General Assembly2 of 2 • Bills begin in either house (except appropriation bills begin in House) • Committees study bills • Simple majority to pass • 2/3 vote to override governor’s veto (seldom occurs) • No pocket veto

  17. House of Reps. 1 of 4 • 163 Representatives • 163 Districts • 2 year term • Term Limits – 8 years or 4 terms

  18. House of Reps. 2 of 4 • Qualifications for House: • 24 years old • Qualified voter of Missouri for 2 years • Resident of district 1 year

  19. House of Reps. 3 of 4 • Leadership: • Speaker: Todd Richardson • (R-152) • Wanda Brown • (R-57)

  20. Senate 1 of 6 • 34 Senators • 34 Districts • Staggered 4 year term • Odd # districts elected in presidential election years

  21. Senate 2 of 6 2010

  22. Today

  23. Senate 3 of 6 • Term limits – 8 years or 2 terms • Approves governor’s appointments • Filibusters allowed

  24. Senate 4 of 6 • Qualifications for Senate: • 30 years old • Qualified Missouri voter for 3 years • Resident of district 1 year

  25. Senate 5 of 6 • Leadership: • President • Lt. Governor Mike Parson • President Pro-tem • Ron Richard (R-32)

  26. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LT6ol-5T1Mc

  27. Senate 6 of 6 Our state senator 28th District ?

  28. Article IV • EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT • Governor • Succession • Lt. Governor • Secretary of State • Attorney General • Treasurer • Auditor

  29. Governor 1 of 4 • 4 year term • Term limit – 2 terms • Chief executive officer • Appoints officials • Prepares budget

  30. Governor 2 of 4 • Grants pardons, reprieves, commutes sentences • Line-item veto on appropriations bills • State of State address • Can call extra sessions of the General Assembly

  31. Governor 3 of 4 • Qualifications for governor: • 30 years old • U.S. Citizen 15 years • Live in state 10 years

  32. Eric Greitens https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_6qQqwsEFg

  33. Succession • Lieutenant Governor • President Pro-tem of Senate • Speaker of the House • Secretary of State • State Auditor

  34. Lt. Governor 1 of 2 • 4 year term, no limits • Qualifications same as governor • Mike Parson

  35. Lt. Governor 2 of 2 • Responsibilities: • President of Senate • Breaks ties in Senate • Acting governor when governor leaves the state

  36. Secretary of State 1 of 2 • 4 year term, no limits • Qualifications: • 25 years old, U.S. Citizen, live in state one year • John (Jay) Ashcroft

  37. Secretary of State 2 of 2 • Responsibilities: • Keeps non-financial state records • Certifies elections • Keeps State Seal • Publishes “Missouri Blue Book”

  38. Attorney General 1 of 2 • 4 year term, no limits • Qualifications: • 30 years old, U.S. citizen, live in state one year Josh Hawley

  39. Attorney General 2 of 2 • Chief legal officer • Represents state in court • Issues legal opinions on laws & issues

  40. Treasurer 1 of 2 • 4 year term • Term limit – 2 terms • Qualifications: U.S. citizen, live in state one year Eric Schmitt

  41. Treasurer 2 of 2 • Chief financial officer • Collects taxes • Invests state funds • Issues state payroll

  42. Auditor 1 of 3 • 4 year term, no limits • Only executive official NOT elected during presidential election year • Nicole Galloway

  43. Auditor 2 of 3 • Qualifications: • 30 years old • U.S. citizen 15 years • Live in state 10 years • (Same as governor)

  44. Auditor 3 of 3 • Responsibilities: • Audits state agencies • Checks collection & spending of state money • Audits state treasury

  45. Article V • JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT • Circuit Courts • Court of Appeals • Supreme Court • Missouri Plan • Appeal Decisions

  46. Circuit Courts 1 of 3 • Original jurisdiction in state civil & criminal cases • Judges – elected • 6 year term • Over 600 circuit judges

  47. Circuit Courts 2 of 3 • Qualifications: • 30 years old • Qualified voter 3 years • U.S. Citizen 10 years • Member Missouri Bar • Live in district

  48. Circuit Courts 3 of 3 • Handling of Cases: • Judge presides • Possibly a jury • Both sides present evidence • Benton Co.- Michael Hendrickson (30th Circuit Court)

  49. Court of Appeals 1 of 3 • Hear cases on appeal • Something in original case not handled correctly • Located in • Kansas City, St. Louis, Springfield

  50. Court of Appeals 2 of 3 • Each side argues questions of law • Panel of 3 judges • If appealed again, then full panel

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