Information and Communication Technology in the 21 st Century Company

1. Information and Communication Technologyin the 21st Century Company Prof. Dr. Eddy Vandijck eddy.vandijck@vub.ac.be

2. Investing in ICT If you think good information systems are expensive, try without them !

3. IT investments • Migration of legacy systems: EURO, DB • Technology obsolescence • Advanced technologies • e-commerce • knowledge management • … • ERP • Flexible development environment (components, CORBA, … ) • Network bandwidth explosion: ATM, GB ethernet • System management environments • Internet, Intranet, Extranet • Data Architecture: data warehousing, … • Selection of packages

4. Success of 21st Century Company Immediate availability of the right information on the right moment in time • Continuous scan of environment • Learning company • Knowledge base • Immediate reaction • Zero Latency Company • Flexible organizational structure of independent cells • virtual company Depends on:

5. Goals and Requirements Information as a resource Zero Latency E-commerce Flexibility Efficiency Knowledge Management Partnerships Diversity Added Value Enabling Technologies Workflow Inter(tra)net WEB Data Mining Secure Payments Data Warehousing Databases Telecom Development environments XML Goals and Technologies

6. Goals and Requirements

7. Information as a Resource • CIO should recognize new information requirements and make them available to the users • All levels of management are involved to achieve an acceptable level of information • Basis for management and decision making • Guarantee for: • security • privacy • availability • reliability Consequences for the investment policy.

8. CIO Corporate Information Manager Technical Managerial • Member of direction committee • Assisted by • technical system manager • user oriented information manager • Qualities • good understanding of the concepts Service and SLA • good insight in company core business (outsourcing) • clear vision on communication needs • initiator of changes

9. Assistant Responsibilities • System Manager • availability of the required system performance • continuous availability of the communication system • Information Manager • the right information at the right moment in time • designer and manager of the corporate data warehouse • data seen from user point of view

10. Zero Latency Latency : the time it takes for a system to respond to input Zero Latency: Covers the idea that all input is processed immediately. (Gartner Group) It implies a set of business policies, processes and product offerings that have been implemented to support the zero latency business strategy. • Event based (push): no unplanned waiting time between the actions to be performed by different people. • Special cases: JIT, OLTP, Build-to-Order manufacturing

11. E-commerce Buying, selling products, services or information via a computer network • EDI • SWIFT • Tradenet • ... Seller Purchaser Electronic Market Order Purchase order • Reply on information request • purchase confirmation • shipping note • payment acknowledgment Order reply Approvals by Trusted party Payment authorization request Payment approval EFT Bank of the purchaser Transaction Handlers bank bank Supplier

12. Client Centric Electronic Market Web-sites Competitors World wide- markets Technological developments Communication within the enterprise Systems Sales Suppliers Clients Client services Commercial partners Extranets Intranets Marketing Cost control Commercial kernel functions Potential markets Competitors environment Internet

13. Knowledge Management The means of production are no longer capital, nor resources, nor labor, but it is knowledge. Knowledge is the fourth, and for the western world, the most important production factor. It is the most important factor to stay always ahead of the competition. Peter F. Drucker Post-capital society. • Basic requirement for innovation • Knowledge about availability of competencies in the company • Avoid that gathered knowledge is lost

14. Other Goals • Flexibility • adaptable organizational structure • small independent cells ( virtual organization ) • Efficiency • BPR (Business Process Re-engineering) • complete rethinking of operational procedures in function of ICT-possibilities and enabling technologies • Partnerships • outsourcing activities • partners are clients, suppliers, public services, consultants, … • Diversity and added value • added value often an information component

15. Technologies

16. Workflow Apply many of the factory automation and industrial engineering concepts to the process of work management in the office environment. • Pilot the workload and priorities of the employees • Steer workflow by organizing, planning and managing • Comparable to production planning systems • Define processes • Plan capacity based on workload prognoses • Distribute the work over different employees • Based on stated standards • Key technology for management of e-commerce.

17. Web - Intranet - Extranet • Platform independent • Easy to use and maintain • Possibility for workgroup collaboration • Create virtual organizations and dynamic partnerships • JAVA applets Major communication vehicle within the company

18. Databases and Knowledge bases • From departmental to global approach • fast technology evolution • lack of time, money or manpower • integration problem • Corporate Data Model • framework for company-wide information needs • including multimedia • Protection of Corporate Knowledge • value of information

19. Data Warehouses Data marts External Databases Integration Transformation EDW Exploration Warehouse Operational systems Legacy systems Near line storage Operational data store

20. Data Mining Statistics Artificial Intelligence Databases KDD Decision Support Systems KDD Knowledge Discovery in Databases

21. Secure Payments • SET specifications (Secure Electronic Transactions) • ESPElectronic Secure Payments • IPSec Internet Protocol security • Authentication Header • Credit card companies

22. Citation It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent; it is the most adaptable to change. Charles Darwin