Bellwork

1. Bellwork • Writing prompt: What effects does racism have on the way that people treat each other? Can you think of a time in a movie or in your life where racism affected somebody in a negative way?

2. Objectives • Identify and explain the impact the Jazz Age had on the Roaring 20s. • Summarize the significance of the Scopes Monkey Trial and the Sacco and Vanzetti Trial. • Explain the factors that led to the 1st Red Scare.

3. Red Scare • Red Scare was a period of time when the government went after “Reds” or immigrants (communism anarchists) • Communism-The government controls the economy and the wealth and goods are shared. • Anarchists-Against organized government. • The Russia Revolution disturbed many Americans. • Americans feared that “bolshevism” threatened American way of life.

4. Racial Tensions • Many in the North joined the Ku Klux Klan. • Lynchings happened in the North.

5. Revival of the Klan • 1924 4 million members • Most Klan memberships came from Indiana • Prejudice against non-whites, non- Christian, non-Protestants, Jews, immigrants, etc. • Didn’t leave many people to like!

6. Sacco and Vanzetti • Italian immigrants also anarchists. • Where accused of a robbery and murder. • The question we still ask to this day is…..Did they actually commit the murder?

7. The facts • Witnesses said that the two men that committed the murder were Italian. • Neither men had a criminal background. • Both men were carrying guns when they were arrested. • At the time of the robbery Socco was working and Vanzetti was having a photograph taken of him and his family.

8. Results • Both men were sentenced to death by electric chair in 1927. • They were found guilty for the murders and the robbery. • Many believe that they were innocent and given an unfair trial because they were immigrants and anarchists. • To this day we still do not know if they committed the murder. • What do you think?????

9. JAZZ AGE · Jazz music was created by African-Americans by combining African rhythms and European harmonies. Ex.) Louis Armstrong was one of the first famous jazz musicians of the 1920’s.

10. · Jazz music brought new forms of dancing. Ex.) the Charleston and the shimmy

11. · Older Americans worried that jazz music was a bad influence on the nation’s young people. The Jazz Age , 1929 movie poster

12. The Jazz Age • Young people were NUTS about jazz. • 1929 – 60% of radio air time was playing jazz.

13. The Jazz Age • The radio audience and the African American migration to the cities made jazz popular. • Improvisation of music • Syncopation – offbeat rhythm.

14. Harlem Renaissance flowering of African American culture in the 1920’s • Harlem Renaissance • African Americans celebrated their culture through art forms: • Jazz • Painting • Poetry • Sculpting • A lot of the music spoke of the struggles they were having with equality. Examples: Countee Cullen – writer/poet

15. Harlem Renaissance– flowering of African American culture in the 1920’s “Harlem” by, Langston Hughes What happens to a dream deferred? Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore— And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over— like a syrupy sweet? Maybe it just sags like a heavy load. Or does it explode? Examples: Langston Hughes – writer / poet

16. Evolution and the Scopes Monkey Trial • Fundamentalists in Tennessee passed a law saying that evolutionary theory could not be taught in schools. • 1925, high school biology teacher, John Scopes taught his students about Charles Darwin instead of creation from the bible. • Was arrested that day.

17. The Scopes Monkey Trial • Drama between two of the best lawyers in the nation • Clarence Darrow • William Jennings Bryan • Mass media allowed 2 million people to listen to the trial.

18. The Scopes Monkey Trial • Dramatic moment and never done since. • Darrow put Bryan on the stand to testify as an expert on the Bible. • Showed flaws in some of his logic

19. The Scopes Monkey Trial • Darrow lost the case but won the point with the public. • Darrow a defender of science and reason • Bryan was a martyr for the cause • Died days after the trial ended.

20. Results • Scopes was arrested and shortly after released. • Shortly after tennessee was able to teach evolution.

21. Radio • 1920 Westinghouse Electric engineer Frank Conrad put a transmitter in his garage in Pittsburgh. Read news, played music. • KDKA – the FIRST American radio station.

22. Bellwork • Create an ABC chart on the topic the Roaring 20s.

23. Radio • By 1922 500 radio stations across the country. • National Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) offered radio stations programming.