The Election of 1860

1. AIM: What sparked the start of the Civil War?Do Now: While watching the video, answer the following questions.1. The Confederate commander ordered his troops to fire on what fort?2. This attack can be considered the first battle of:

2. The Election of 1860 -The Democratic party split in two: Northern Democrat and Southern Democrat. • Northern Democrats nominated Stephen Douglas. • Southern Democrats nominated John Breckinridge. -Some Americans tried to heal the split by forming a new party, the Constitutional Union party. • The Constitutional Union party nominated John Bell. • The Republicans nominated Abraham Lincoln.

3. "Equal Rights and Free Territory." “Slavery Extension" “Non-intervention” “Fusion”

5. North VS South 1. Republican, Southern Democratic, Constitutional Union, Northern Democratic. 2. Republican 3. Southern Democratic 4. Constitutional Union 5. 152 6. Abraham Lincoln. The North and the West.

6. How the South Reacted to the Election of 1860 • Many southerners thought that Lincoln’s election meant the South no longer had a voice in national government. They believed the President and Congress were against them. • Senator John Crittenden of Kentucky introduced a bill to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific. He proposed an amendment to the Constitution that would guarantee slavery south of the compromise line forever. His proposals received little support.

7. Other southerners believed secession was their only choice. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede. By late February 1861, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas had followed. • At a convention in Montgomery, Alabama, the seven states formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis became its president.

8. How the Civil War Began • When Lincoln took office, he warned that no state could lawfully leave the Union. • Jefferson Davis had already ordered Confederate forces to begin seizing federal forts in the South. • President Lincoln had to make a decision: - Should he let Confederates take over federal property and look like he was admitting that states had a right to leave the Union? -Or should he send troops to hold the forts and risk a war?

9. South Carolina • The Attack on fort Sumter • Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, and W. Virginia Union NOTES: The South names itself the Confederacy Confederates control all forts in the south except Fort Sumter in S.C. Confederates ask the Union to surrender the fort Major Anderson refuses CIVIL WAR BEGINS! Fort Sumter Confederacy

10. Fort Sumter • By April 1861, the Union held only four forts in the South. Food supplies at one, Fort Sumter in South Carolina, were running low. • Lincoln notified the governor of South Carolina that he was going to ship food to Fort Sumter. He said he would not send troops or weapons. • The Confederates demanded that Fort Sumter surrender to them. The Union commander refused to give in. The Confederates opened fire. The Union troops ran out of ammunition and had to surrender.