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Other Health Topics included in the CSHA

Other Health Topics included in the CSHA. Other Conditions (1). Risk factors for Parkinson’s disease include exposure to plastic resins (OR 8.8), Epoxies (6.9) and glues (4.2), paint (3.8), petroleum (2.3) (Chaturvedi et al., 1995)

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Other Health Topics included in the CSHA

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  1. Other Health Topicsincluded in the CSHA

  2. Other Conditions (1) • Risk factors for Parkinson’s disease include exposure to plastic resins (OR 8.8), Epoxies (6.9) and glues (4.2), paint (3.8), petroleum (2.3)(Chaturvedi et al., 1995) • 47% of seniors in PEI are estimated to be at nutritional risk(MacLellan & van Til, 1998) • 8.6% of women, and 4.8% of men reported dysphoria (Østbye et al., 2000) • The prevalence of diabetes estimated at 12% in the community and 17.5% in institutions; the relative risk for death is 1.9 (Rockwood et al., 1998; 2000)

  3. Other Conditions (2) • Prevalence estimates of depression (Newman et al., 1998) • Low serum folate levels predict stroke, depression and dementia. Inadequate nutrition appears common in cognitively impaired people (Ebly et al., 1998) • Nutritional risk factors predict mortality among patients with AD (Keller & Østbye, 2000) • Urinary incontinence occurs in 17% of women and 8% of men aged 65+. Prevalence rises with age, dementia, and disability(Hunskaar et al., 1998)

  4. Healthy Aging • Three-quarters of elderly Canadians rate their health as very or pretty good (Ebly et al., 1996) • Most view aging positively. They feel autonomous, but those in lower socioeconomic groups lose the opportunity for personal growth (Clarke, 2000) • Happiness has both state and trait characteristics (Stones et al., 1995)

  5. Pharmaceuticals (1) • Falls are 60% more common in those who use benzodiazepines, and 120% more common among those on antidepressants(Ebly et al., 1997) • Long-term benzodiapezine use rises with age; 20% of seniors in Quebec are long-term users(Egan et al., 2000) • On average, people aged 65+ in Ontario use 5.7 drugs per person, compared to 3.9 in the Atlantic provinces. Estimated inappropriate medication use is highest in Quebec (12.8% of seniors) and lowest in the Prairies (4.4%) (Hogan et al., 1995)

  6. Pharmaceuticals (2) • Mortality risk is higher among hypertensive people using nifedipine (a calcium channel blocker) compared to those using beta blockers. Hazard ratios 1.8 for all-cause mortaltiy, 2.2 for CVD mortality (Maxwell et al., 2000) • Cognitive decline is also greater for patients using calcium channel blockers (Maxwell et al., 1999) • 3.1% of people aged 65+ in the community, and 16.5% in institutions were taking antidepressants (Newman 1999)

  7. The Economics of Dementia • Østbye (1994) estimated the annual cost of dementia at $3,901,500,000 in Canada. This includes hospitals, institutions, community care, drugs, etc. • Hux et al. (1998) showed that costs rise with the severity of AD, from $9,451 per year for mild disease, to $36,794 for severe disease. • Expenditures on community care rises for those with cognitive impairments (Shapiro, 1997)

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