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Rome

Rome. Unit Three: Chapter 6 . The Founding of Rome. Legend . Romulus and Remus, twin sons of a princess and Mars were abandoned and saved by a she-wolf Romulus later kills Remus over an argument Founds Rome. The Founding of Rome . The Facts. Rome had a strategic location

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Rome

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  1. Rome Unit Three: Chapter 6

  2. The Founding of Rome Legend • Romulus and Remus, twin sons of a princess and Mars were abandoned and saved by a she-wolf • Romulus later kills Remus over an argument • Founds Rome

  3. The Founding of Rome The Facts • Rome had a strategic location • Seven hills for defense • Fertile soil from the Tiber River

  4. Original Settlers • Central Italy: Romans (Latins) • Southern Italy: Greeks • Northern Italy: Etruscans • A series of Etruscan kings ruled Rome, the last, a tyrant, was forced out of Rome in 509 B.C.

  5. Rome’s New Government: A Republic • 500 B.C. – 44 B.C. • Republic: power rests with the citizens who have the right to vote to select their leaders • Citizens: only free born, property owning males

  6. Social Classes

  7. The Government Senate • Most powerful group in Rome • Made all the laws for Rome • Made up of patricians • Elected for life • Controlled money and foreign policy (how to deal with other countries)

  8. The Government Tribal Assembly • Elected Tribunes to represent the common man (plebs) • Tribunes served for one year, but could be re-elected

  9. The Government Consuls • Two consuls, served for one year • Carried out the laws of Rome • Consuls had veto power against one another • Why? • Dictator: a consul that serves up to 6 months in case of emergency

  10. The Government Twelve Tables • A written law code that stated all citizens had protection of the law in Rome (451 B.C.)

  11. The Military • All citizens who owned land were required to serve in the army • 10 years of service was required if you wanted to go into government • Legions: 5,000 soldiers, supported by calvary

  12. Roman Conquest Wars and Expansion

  13. Rome Spreads Its Power • By 265 B.C. Rome controlled most of Italy • Treated conquered areas well, allowed some to become citizens, others enslaved

  14. Control for Trade • Trade was very important to Rome • Carthage in North Africa and Rome competed for control of the Mediterranean Sea: Punic Wars

  15. First Punic War • 264 – 241 B.C. Carthage lost • Naval battle off coast of Sicily

  16. Second Punic War • 218 B.C. • Carthage general Hannibal led 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants across the Alps into Northern Italy, surprising the Romans

  17. Second Punic War • 206 B.C. Cannae • Romans are defeated

  18. Second Punic War • 202 B.C. Zama • Roman general Scipio attacked near Carthage, forcing Hannibal to retreat from Rome and defend his city • Rome wins

  19. Third Punic War • 149-146 B.C. Rome attacks Carthage, burns it to the ground, enslaves survivors • Scatters salt on the soil to prevent rebuilding

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