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Ch. 15 - Solutions

Ch. 15 - Solutions. III. Particles in Solution “Like Dissolves Like” Electrolytes Colligative Properties. NONPOLAR NONPOLAR. POLAR POLAR. A. “Like Dissolves Like”. Detergents polar “head” with long nonpolar “tail” can dissolve both types. -. +. -. -. +. +. acetic acid. salt.

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Ch. 15 - Solutions

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  1. Ch. 15 - Solutions III. Particles in Solution “Like Dissolves Like” Electrolytes Colligative Properties

  2. NONPOLAR NONPOLAR POLAR POLAR A. “Like Dissolves Like” • Detergents • polar “head” with long nonpolar “tail” • can dissolve both types

  3. - + - - + + acetic acid salt sugar B. Electrolytes Weak Electrolyte Electrolyte Non- Electrolyte solute exists as ions and molecules solute exists as ions only solute exists as molecules only

  4. B. Electrolytes • Dissociation • separation of +/- ions when an ionic compound dissolves in water

  5. B. Electrolytes • Ionization • breaking apart of polar covalent molecules into ions when dissolving in water

  6. C. Colligative Properties • properties of solutions that depend only on solute concentration • Freezing Point Depression • solutes lower the f.p. of a solvent • Boiling Point Elevation • solutes raise the b.p. of a solvent

  7. C. Colligative Properties Freezing Point Depression View Flash animation.

  8. C. Colligative Properties Boiling Point Elevation Solute particles “get in the way.”

  9. C. Colligative Properties • Effect increases as the solute concentration increases. • Uses: • antifreeze • making ice cream • salting icy roads

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