Understanding Solubility and Concentration: Key Concepts in Chemistry
This comprehensive guide explores the concepts of solubility and concentration crucial for chemistry studies. It explains the differences between concentrated and dilute solutions, detailing how concentration can be expressed by volume or mass. Learn about unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions, and how solubility is defined as the maximum solute that dissolves in a solvent at specific temperatures. Discover solubility trends, including how solids dissolve better at high temperatures while gases are more soluble at low temperatures and high pressures.
Understanding Solubility and Concentration: Key Concepts in Chemistry
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Presentation Transcript
Ch. 15 - Solutions II. Solubility & Concentration
A. Concentration • Concentrated solution • large amount of solute • Dilute solution • small amount of solute
A. Concentration • % by Volume • usu. liquid in liquid • EX: 10% juice = 10mL juice + 90mL water • % by Mass • usu. solid in liquid • EX: 20% NaCl = 20g NaCl + 80g water
UNSATURATED SOLUTION more solute dissolves SATURATED SOLUTION no more solute dissolves SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION becomes unstable, crystals form A. Concentration concentration
B. Solubility • Solubility • maximum grams of solute that will dissolve in 100 g of solvent at a given temperature • varies with temperature • based on a saturated solution
B. Solubility • Solubility Curve • shows the dependence of solubility on temperature
B. Solubility • Solids are more soluble at... • high temperatures. • Gases are more soluble at... • low temperatures. • high pressures (Henry’s Law).
