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Lecture 08: Visualization Intro

Lecture 08: Visualization Intro. September 30 , 2010 COMP 150-12 Topics in Visual Analytics. Lecture Outline. What is Visualization? Number Representations What is its value? Story telling or data exploration? Connecting data to visualization Bertin’s visual symbols What’s missing ?

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Lecture 08: Visualization Intro

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  1. Lecture 08:Visualization Intro September 30, 2010 COMP 150-12Topics in Visual Analytics

  2. Lecture Outline • What is Visualization? • Number Representations • What is its value? • Story telling or data exploration? • Connecting data to visualization • Bertin’s visual symbols • What’s missing? • Appropriateness? • Representation appropriateness • Biases

  3. Define Visualization • Define visualization!

  4. Examples of Visualization http://www.google.com/images?q=visualization

  5. Is This a Visualization? 15,000 BC. Laxcaux, France

  6. Is This a Visualization?

  7. Are These Visualizations?

  8. What about this? Hello World!

  9. Define Visualization • “The communication of information using graphical representations” • Interactive Data Visualization (2009). Ward, Grinstein, Keim • “An external artifact supporting decision making” • Information Visualization (2004). Ware • “The use of computer-supported, interactive, visual representation of data to amplify cognition” • Readings in Information Visualization (1999). Card, Mackinlay, Shneiderman

  10. Do you agree?

  11. Value of Visualization Possible Values of Visualization?

  12. Value of Visualization • Story telling and/or data exploration?

  13. Minard’sMap ofNapoleon’s March to Moscow

  14. Value of Visualization • Story telling and/or data exploration? Courtesy of Tableau

  15. Value of Visualization What do you think?

  16. Value of Visualization • Reduce Memory Load • Working memory is limited • Store information in the diagram • Reduce Search Time • Pre-attentive (constant-time) search process • Spatially-indexed patterns store the “facts” • Allow Perceptual Inference • Map inference to pattern finding

  17. Number Representations • Zhang and Norman (1995). The Representation Of Numbers. Cognition.

  18. Number Representations

  19. Classifying Numeric Systems

  20. Internal vs. External Representations

  21. Example: Arithmetic Slide courtesy of Pat Hanrahan

  22. Example: Arithmetic Slide courtesy of Pat Hanrahan

  23. Example: Arithmetic

  24. Example: Arithmetic Slide courtesy of Pat Hanrahan

  25. Distributed Cognition • Distributed cognition is a psychological theory that involves the coordination between individuals, artifacts and the environment. It has several key components: • Embodiment of information that is embedded in representations of interaction • Coordination of enaction among embodied agents • Ecological contributions to a cognitive ecosystem Courtesy of Wiki

  26. Additional Thoughts? Slide courtesy of Pat Hanrahan

  27. Questions?

  28. Connecting Data To Visualization • Data have attributes (dimensions) • Visualizations have attributes (dimensions) • Can the two map to each other? • Jacques Bertin, SemiologieGraphique (Semiology of Graphcis), 1967.

  29. Elements of Visualization • Images are composed of marks: “ink”, graphical primitives Slide courtesy of Sara Su

  30. Elements of Visualization Slide courtesy of Sara Su

  31. Value (Intensity) Discrete or Continuous? Slide courtesy of Sara Su

  32. Color (Hue) Discrete or Continuous? Slide courtesy of Sara Su

  33. Visual Variables Slide courtesy of Sara Su

  34. Appropriateness? • Which data dimension should be mapped to what visual variable?

  35. Appropriateness?

  36. Questions?

  37. Using Visualization to Influence? Image courtesy of http://sambbiblog.spaces.live.com

  38. 2008 Election Map Image courtesy of http://politicalmaps.org

  39. 2008 Election Map Image courtesy of http://politicalmaps.org

  40. 2008 Election Map Image courtesy of http://politicalmaps.org

  41. Structure and Form Image courtesy of Barbara Tversky

  42. Structure and Form Image courtesy of Barbara Tversky

  43. Visual Metaphors Image courtesy Caroline Ziemkiewicz

  44. Visual Metaphors

  45. Questions?

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