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Understanding Genes and DNA: The Blueprint of Life

Explore the fundamentals of DNA, from its structure and function to how it replicates and forms the basis of inherited traits. Learn about base pairs, chromatin, and mutations that can impact genetic information.

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Understanding Genes and DNA: The Blueprint of Life

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  1. Ch. 6 Notes: Genes and DNAISN pg. 120 I. What is DNA? A protein molecule that carries instructions for inherited traits. - Made of nucleotides - Nucleotides are made up of sugar, bases and phosphates -Bases: Adenine, Guanine, Thymine and Cytosine (EX: A-T and C-G are the base pairs) II. DNA Copies: DNA must copy itself before it divides by splitting down the middle and unwind.

  2. Notes: Ch.6 (cont.) ISN pg. 120 III. DNA : described as double helix or a spiral ladder; fits inside the nucleus in bundles. - DNA coils around proteins to form chromatin - Chromatin are the long strands of DNA that is bundled up in the nucleus IV. Mutations: changes in the pieces of DNA 3 types of Mutations: Deletion – bases are missing Insertion – extra bases added c. Substitution – wrong bases are used to replace

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