FCW-4 Counselling: Theory and Practice Unit 5

FCW-4Counselling: Theory and PracticeUnit 5 Dr. Jaimon Varghese Counselling: Theory & Practice

Learner Objectives 1. Develop holistic understanding of counselling as a tool for help 2. Acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes for counselling 3. Develop insight in need and areas of counselling in different situations 4. To develop counselling competencies in students for working in various specialized set ups Counselling: Theory & Practice

Unit - 5Counsellor as a professional 1. Competencies: Qualities, skills, attitudes, values and personality of a counselor 2. Obstacles in counselling 3. Ethical issues in counselling 4. Stress and burnout Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1. Competencies • Qualities of a counselor • skills of a counselor • attitudes of a counselor • values of a counselor • personality of a counselor Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.1 Qualities of a counselor • Accurate perception of reality • Acceptance, self and others • Spontaneous • Problem centred • Can separate and seek privacy • Autonomy • Social interest • Democratic character Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.1 Qualities of a counselor • Ethical • Sense of humour • Creative • Flexible • Gracious • Good social skills and dignity Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.2 Skills of a counselor • Listening and attending • Paraphrasing • Summarizing • Asking questions • Encouraging clients to be specific • Reflecting their feelings Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.2 Skills of a counselor • Helping them to clarify their thoughts • Encouraging them to focus on key issues • Offering forms of challenge and confrontation when needed. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.3 Attitudes of a counselor • easily establishes rapport with the client • shows empathy • is intuitive. He is able to read between the lines • feels warmth towards his client • able to accept his client' as a good and deserving human being irrespective of the problems under consideration Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.3 Attitudes of a counselor • more important to listen than to talk • able to gain his client's confidence • does not criticize or sit in judgment upon the client • does not offer advice; rather, he understands and guides • does not impose his opinions, beliefs, and values upon his client Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.3 Attitudes of a counselor • sensitive to the client's emotional state • Patient • Optimistic • has a sense of humour • focuses the session around the patient alone, and does not allow any aspect of his personal life to contaminate the session Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.4 Values of a counselor • Counseling is a profession. • Counseling deals with personal, social, vocational empowerment, and educational concerns. • Counseling is conducted with persons who are considered to function within the normal range. • Counseling is theory based and takes place in a structured setting. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.4 Values of a counselor • Counseling is a process in which clients learn how to make decision and formulate new ways of behaving, feeling and thinking. • Counseling encompasses various subspecialties Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.5 Personality of a counselor • an understanding of self and a detailed awareness of the impact of oneself on others • Self disclosure is a powerful tool • ability to confront a client • competent in their communication • an internal source of motivation and drive and seeks growth instead of external approval Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.5 Personality of a counselor • Confidentiality is the key of successful counseling • Empathy allows you to see the situation from the other person’s view • Counselors achieve credibility by being honest and consistent in their statements and actions • Counselors take risks everyday and face rejection by their clients Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 1.5 Personality of a counselor • not racist and does not discriminate against others who are different from himself or herself • not ego-centered but chooses to help others out of concern for others and not for glorification of the self Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 2. Obstacles in counselling • Flight into Health • Transference • Counter Transference • Dependence • Resistance • External Interference • Omniscience and Omnipotence Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 3. Ethical issues in counselling • Violation of confidentiality. • Exceeding one’s level of professional competence. • Negligent practice. • Claiming expertise one does not possess. • Imposing one’s values on a client. • Creating dependency in a client • Sexual activity with client Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 3. Ethical issues in counselling • Certain conflicts of interest, such as a dual relationship - where the role of the counsellor is combined with another relationship either personal or professional • Questionable financial arrangements, such as charging excessive fess • Improper advertising • Plagiarism Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 4. Stress and burnout of counsellors • The burnout syndrome is a stress-induced emotional state, which interferes with emotional, personal, interpersonal and occupational functioning. • Impaired emotional functioning may be characterized by loss of enthusiasm and motivation, anxiety, depression, boredom, pessimism and cynicism. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 4. Stress and burnout of counsellors • Impaired personal functioning may be characterized by fatigue, laziness, negligence, loss of originality and creativity, vulnerability to alcoholism and psychosomatic disorders, etc. • Irritability, decreased concern and caring, family disharmony, withdrawal, etc. may characterize impaired interpersonal functioning. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 4. Stress and burnout of counsellors • Impaired occupational functioning may be characterized by decreased efficiency, absenteeism, procrastination, working to rule, the desire to quit, etc. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 4. Stress and burnout of counsellors do's and don'ts that counsellors can practice to help guard against burnout. • 1) See fewer rather than more clients. • 2) Take breaks between each session. • 3) Discuss your cases with a colleague so that the responsibility is shared. • 4) Stay emotionally detached from the lives of your clients. Counselling: Theory & Practice

5. 4. Stress and burnout of counsellors • 5) Do not take counselling failures personally; remember, if a client does not improve with counselling, it need not necessarily reflect upon your competence. • 6) Lead a healthy social and family life. Never carry your caseload home. • 7) Lead a healthy leisure life. • 8) Utilize other avenues to relax. Counselling: Theory & Practice

Recommended Reading: 1. Gracious Thomas (Ed.) (2010) Case Work and Counselling: Working with Individuals, New Delhi: School of Social Work, IGNOU 2. Colin, Feltham (1995) What is Counselling, New Delhi : Sage Publication 3. Gibson Robert, Mitchell Marianne (2005) Introduction to Counselling and Guidance (6th Edition), New Delhi : Person Education Pvt. Ltd. 4. Hackney Harold, Sherilyn Cormier (1979) Counselling Strategies and Objectives, New Jersey : Prentice – Hall Inc. Counselling: Theory & Practice

Recommended Reading: 5. MadhukarIndira (2000) Guidance and Counselling, New Delhi : Authors Press 6. Miller Ewan (2007) Person Centered Counselling Psychology, New Delhi : Sage Publication 7. PatriVasantha (2001) Counselling Psychology, New Delhi : Authors Press 8. Rao, Narayan (1995) Counselling and Guidance, New Delhi : Tata McGraw – Hill Publishing Co, Ltd. 9. Barki, B. G. Mukhopadyay, B. (1991) Guidance and counseling, New Delhi : Sterling Publishers, Pvt. Ltd. Counselling: Theory & Practice

Thank You Method 1: Social Casework

FCW-4 Counselling: Theory and Practice Unit 5