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Negation Affirmative Statements

Negation Affirmative Statements Ella habla inglés . Él es profesor . She speaks English. He is a professor. To make a sentence negative, place the word "no" before the verb. Ella no habla inglés . Él no es profesor . She doesn't speak English. He is not a professor.

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Negation Affirmative Statements

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  1. Negation Affirmative Statements Ella hablainglés. Élesprofesor.She speaks English. He is a professor. To make a sentence negative, place the word "no" before the verb. Ella no hablainglés. Élno esprofesor.She doesn't speak English. He is not a professor.

  2. When the answer to a question is negative, two negative words are required. ¿HablaUd. español? (Do you speak Spanish?)No. No habloespañol. (No. I don't speak Spanish.) ¿ EstáMaite en la clase? (Is Maite in the class?)No. Maite no está en la clase. (No. Maite is not in the class.) ¿Siempreestudias? (Do you always study?)No, nuncaestudio. (No, I never study.)

  3. AFFIRMATIVE words and their NEGATIVE counterpart: • algo (something) nada (nothing) • alguien (somebody) nadie (nobody) • algún (-o, -a, -os, -as)ningún (-o, -a, -os, -as) (some, something) (no, none) • siempre (always) nunca (never) jamás (never, ever) • también (also) tampoco (neither, not either) • o . . . o (either . . . or) ni . . . ni (neither . . . nor)

  4. The negative words can be used alone, preceding the verb. Nadiehabla. Nobody speaks. Élnunca come. He never eats.Anatampocobaila. Ana doesn't dance either. The negative words can also be used with the word "no," following the verb. Note that unlike English, double negatives are acceptable in Spanish. • No hablanadie. Nobody speaks. • Él no come nunca. He never eats. Lola no bailatampoco .Lola doesn't dance either.

  5. Sometimes, three negative words occur in the same sentence. • No compro nada nunca. I never buy anything. • Él no compra nada tampoco. He doesn't buy anything either. You can even have four negative words in the same sentence. Yo no veonunca a nadietampoco.I never see anybody either. Unlike English, Spanish does not normally mix negative and affirmative words. EnglishMaria doesn't need anything.NOT Maria doesn't need nothing. SpanishMaría no necesita nada.NOTMaría no necesitaalgo.

  6. Alguno and ninguno drop the -o before a masculine singular noun. • ¿Tienesalgúnlibro? No, no tengoningúnlibro. Ninguno(-a) is generally used in the singular. • ¿Tienesalgunasrevistas? No, no tengoninguna. • ¿Tienesalgunoslibros? No, no tengoninguno. • Alguno is only used instead of noun (as a pronoun)¿Hayalgúnchicoguapo en clase? Si, hay alguno. • ¿Hay algunachicabonita en clase? Si, hay algunas(muchas) • As direct object put after verb, preceded by “a” • Veoa alguienen la puerta. • No veoa nadieen la puerta.

  7. The plural of ninguno(-a) is used only when the noun it modifies exists only in plural, or is normally used in plural. • Ningunasvacaciones a Costa Rica son completas sin unaexcursión a Monteverde.No vacation to Costa Rica is complete without a trip to Monteverde. • In this example "ningunas" is used because "vacaciones" is normally used in plural form. • Algunosestudiantes son altos. • Algunaschicas son graciosas. • Ningunasprofesorasestán en clase. • Ningunoschicosestán en la fiestas hoy.

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