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General Laboratory Tools Techniques and Methods

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frey
48 diapositives · 955 Views · Jul 23, 2014

General Laboratory Tools Techniques and Methods . Browse through these files to get familiar with equipment, techniques and general approaches to use in your laboratory work this semester . This is your ‘toolbox ’. General techniques- equipment use . Glassware glossary

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General Laboratory Tools Techniques and Methods
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  1. General Laboratory Tools Techniques and Methods Browse through these files to get familiar with equipment, techniques and general approaches to use in your laboratory work this semester. This is your ‘toolbox’

  2. General techniques- equipment use • Glassware glossary • Volume measurement • Balances • Error analysis • Excel for lab work • Heating • Melting Point • pH meters • Waste disposal HOW TO: • Determine concentration of unknown in solution • Prepare solutions • Mixture separations • Identify molecular or ionic species • Identify ions in solution • How to measure heat exchange • Measure how fast a chemical reaction proceeds (rates of reactions) • Make buffers and how to use them ‘Toolbox’ content

  3. General Techniques-Equipment Use

  4. Error Analysis

  5. Glossary of Common Laboratory Equipment

  6. Excel use for lab work

  7. Data and Results

  8. Heating Equipment

  9. Hot Plate

  10. Bunsen Burners

  11. pH meters

  12. Using pH Meters

  13. Volumetric glassware

  14. Volumetric Equipment and Techniques

  15. HOW TODetermine the concentration of unknown species in a solution?

  16. Acid-base titrations • Complexometric titrations • Back titration calculation A. Titration-based on aqueous reactions

  17. Titration

  18. Using an EDTA solution to titrate standard calcium solutions, an unknown water sample and tap water

  19. UV-Vis • IR • MS • NMR B. Spectroscopy-based on light absorption properties

  20. Different kinds of spectroscopy

  21. HOW TO prepare solutions?

  22. Preparing solutions

  23. Going form a high concentration solution to a low concentration solution • Serial dilution • Parallel dilution B. Dilution of available solutions

  24. Dilutions

  25. HOW TO: separate the components in a mixture?

  26. Solid-Solid • Solid-Liquid • Liquid-Liquid Types of Separations

  27. Separations

  28. HOW TO: determine whether a solution is ionic or molecular?

  29. IN polar and non-polar solvents A. Solubility

  30. B. Melting/Boiling Point

  31. Melting and Boiling Point Determination

  32. Does it conduct electricity? • Conductivity meter C. Conductivity

  33. Conductivity simulation

  34. HOW TO : identify ions in solution?

  35. Based on solubility properties A. Aqueous chemical reactions

  36. Separating ions from a solution of unknown cations

  37. What’s the emission spectra? B. Flame test

  38. Flame test

  39. Based on energy absorption properties • UV-Vis • IR • MS • NMR C. Spectroscopy

  40. General Introduction to Spectrophotometry Simulations and Data collection

  41. How do you determine the rate of chemical reactions?HOW TO measure the ‘activity’ of a catalyst?

  42. Chemical Kinetics - Reaction Rates

  43. Spectroscopy • Reaction rates • pH A. Example: progression of a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme

  44. Why do you need buffers? • How do you prepare a buffer solution? • How do you select a buffer? • How does a buffer work? HOW TO make and why to use Buffer solutions?

  45. How to mix buffer components-calculations

  46. HOW TO measure the heat exchange in a chemical reaction?

  47. Constant-pressure calorimetry • Constant-volume calorimetry Calorimetry

  48. Calorimeter