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Using Mineral Resources (pages 80–85)

This section explores the vital role of minerals as sources of gemstones, metals, and essential materials. Gemstones, like rubies, sapphires, and diamonds, are hard, colorful, and primarily used in jewelry. Metals such as copper, gold, and silver serve various purposes including wiring and construction. The mining process involves locating ore, extracting minerals, and smelting to obtain metals. Alloy formation is also discussed, highlighting the strength of mixtures like steel. Discover the importance of minerals in our daily lives and their extraction processes.

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Using Mineral Resources (pages 80–85)

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  1. UsingMineralResources (pages80–85)

  2. Key Concept:Minerals are the source of gemstones,metals,and a variety of materials used to make manyproducts.

  3. Agemstoneis a hard, colorful mineral that is shiny.

  4. Gemstones are used mainly for jewelry. Examples are rubies,sapphires, and diamonds.

  5. Minerals such as copper, gold, and silver are calledmetals.Metals are usually softer than gemstones.Metals are used for wires, jewelry, tools, and buildings.

  6. Other useful minerals include quartz and gypsum.Quartz is used to makeglass.Gypsum is used to makecement.

  7. A hard, colorful mineral that is shiny is a(an) gemstone

  8. Circle the letter of a mineral that is might be used to make wire. gypsum ruby copper

  9. Circle the letter of a mineral that is used to make glass. • quartz • sapphire • silver

  10. Key Concept: To produce metal from a mineral, a rock containing the mineral must be located through prospecting and mined, or removed from the ground. Then the rock must be processed to extract the metal.

  11. Most metals are found in rocks that also contain other substances. An ore is a rock that contains a metal or other useful mineral.

  12. A prospector is someone who looks for ore. To find ore, a prospector might look at rocks on the surface and study maps of underground rocks.

  13. Mining is removing ore from the ground.

  14. There are different kinds of mines. For example, in a shaft mine, miners dig tunnels to follow veins of ore.

  15. Smelting is removing metal from ore.

  16. For example, the ore hematite is smelted to remove iron. In smelting, hematite is crushed, mixed with other materials, and heated.

  17. After smelting, a metal may be mixed with other substances to make an alloy.

  18. An alloy is a solid mixture containing at least one metal. For example, iron is mixed with carbon to form the alloy steel. Steel is harder and stronger than pure iron.

  19. Is the following sentence true or false? Most metals are found in the ground in pure form. FALSE

  20. A solid mixture containing at least one metal is an alloy

  21. A rock containing a metal or other useful mineral is an…. ore

  22. The process of removing metal from ore is called smelting

  23. Someone who looks for ore is a prospector

  24. Iron occurs in an ore called hematite

  25. Mining

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