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School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering

School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering. SMMRE. UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH PROJECT GUIDELINES. Academic Session (2009/10). ORAL PRESENTATION GUIDELINES FOR UNDERGRADUATE. SMMRE. Prepared by Dr Norlia Baharun. 25 Mac 2010. Introduction.

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School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering

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  1. School of Materials & Mineral Resources Engineering SMMRE UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH PROJECT GUIDELINES Academic Session (2009/10) FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  2. ORAL PRESENTATIONGUIDELINES FOR UNDERGRADUATE SMMRE Prepared by Dr Norlia Baharun 25 Mac 2010 FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  3. Introduction • The oral presentation is of 15 mins duration • The next 5 mins will be on Q & A • The oral presentation should be in the style of a scientific presentation: FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  4. Scientific style of presentation • INTRODUCTION • STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES • SUMMARY OF METHODOLOGY • PRESENTATION and INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS • DISCUSSION OF RESULTS and THEIR BROADER IMPLICATIONS • SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS or RECOMMENDATIONS FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  5. Marks • PROJECT CONTENT IS LARGELY MARKED IN THE WRITTEN REPORT • THEREFORE, MARKS FOR ORAL PRESENTATION WILL FOCUS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNICATION OF THE MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE PROJECT AND ON ABILITY TO RESPOND TO RELEVANT QUESTIONS FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  6. Tips • Consider your audience • Anticipate opposing arguments • Make your audience feel something • Make your argument seem like • common sense • Sound like you know what you’re • talking about • Get the facts! FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71) Created by Cindy Farnum

  7. Tips • Have conviction • Save the strongest argument for • last • Give examples and be specific • Give your paper a clear title • Avoid exaggeration • Give referrals • Read your audience’s body • language FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71) Created by Cindy Farnum

  8. Talk Tips • Explain, interpret, justify, not just describe • Write large (Fonts >24) • Use color, but sparingly, consistently • Use pictures (and even animations) • No full sentences (just terse outline) • Make the sub-story coherent and self- contained • One corollary: no standalone graphs FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  9. Talk Tips -Preparation • Practice • Dry run followed by slide-by-slide analysis • Pay attention to time and practice for time • Practice for varying audience backgrounds FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  10. Talk Tips –Presentation • Speak clearly, make eye contact • Don’t read slides • Pay attention to posture • Eye contact, shift gaze • Plan on shedding slides • Admit shortcomings, don’t wait for questions • Analogies and jokes and help FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  11. Points to Note • Know your audience • Help them understand • Keep it short; use signposts; get the contents right. • Make sure you’ve covered the bases • (Leave some simple mistakes in?) FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  12. Thesis defense • “Let’s see, what can I ask the candidate?” • The examiners may have decided before the exam whether to pass you. • Defense, viva, exam, ... • viva = “viva voce” = “lively discussion” • The exam is to check it’s your work... • Talk fluently about the work; show you’ve thought about it (which you have!). • ...and a chance to clarify things that aren’t clear in the thesis. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  13. Preparing for your defense • These are areas where corrections are likely. • Know & understand your results. • Fine-tune presentation • Practice ! Practice ! Practice ! (esp. for grads) • Know the literature you cited • Anticipate possible questions, including • implications of your results, the logic of your • discussion, and relevance of your work. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  14. What should you expect at the defense? • Could you fail? • Could it be one of life’s memorable events? • What are the characteristics of a great defense? • • How do you get there? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  15. Thesis Defense • Primarily a presentation of the thesis work: • Like a (long) talk at a (small) conference • But there are likely to be lots of questions • Some possible goals of the defense are to: • make sure you did it • make sure you understand what you did • make sure you understand the significance/context of what you did • probe your general understanding of the field of the thesis • make sure the committee understands what you did • test your ability to present FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  16. 1.0 INTRODUCTION FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  17. Giving an oral presentation is the final stage in the assessment of your Final Year Project Table 2.1 : Check List FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  18. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  19. SMMRE 1.1 Learning Objectives Students should develop : • the ability to do scientific inquiry • the understanding about scientific inquiry

  20. 1.2 How to develop the student’s ability and understanding about a Scientific Enquiry? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  21. Students must actively participate in scientific investigations and Students need to understand that experiments are guided by concepts and are performed to test ideas FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  22. Students need to learn how to analyze evidence and data from scientific investigations or databases SMMRE FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  23. 2.0 Oral Presentation • Delivery of a speech – is easy • Organization of a speech – is difficult FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  24. Content of GUIDELINES A. How to organize an oral presentation B. How to deliver FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  25. 2.1 To organize an oral presentation You must do four things: 1. Make it short 2. Make the organization obvious 3. Make the ideas simple and vivid 4. Summarize and be prepared for questions FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  26. 2.2 Delivering an Oral Presentation • You need to do only four things: 1. Set the stage and the audience 2. Have an insurance policy instead of a manuscript 3. Use visual aids 4. Talk loudly, slowly and vigorously FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  27. 2.3 Focus Questions • What explanation do you expect to develop from your data? • How confident are you about the accuracy of your data? • How certain are you of those results? • Is there a better way to do the investigation ?? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  28. Other Focus Questions • Is there an alternative scientific explanation for the one you proposed? • How do you account for an explanation that is different from others? • Do you need more evidence? • What are the sources of experimental error? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  29. Questions like these makes it possible for students: - to analyze data - to develop a richer knowledge base - to reason using scientific concepts - to make connections between evidence and explanations and recognize alternative explanations FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  30. **Ideas should be examine and discuss with your supervisors FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  31. 3.0 Oral presentation skills SMMRE FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  32. Structure: Giving an oral presentations • Your mental set • Preparation • The presentation • Your delivery • Question time • Visual aids • Conclusions FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  33. 1. Mental set • Imagine that you’re simply having a conversation • Ways to keep calm ?? If you’re really bad, try meditation and muscle relaxation. Imagine yourself giving a good confident presentation. Practise in front of a friend. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  34. 2. Preparation • Background research – use wide range of sources • Personal organization - Do preparation well in advance FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  35. Questions that need to be address • What is the purpose? Inform, show progress, persuade, entertain? • What are the objectivesof the talk? Have in mind your goal. eg. to explain a particular topic in general terms FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  36. What are the main points?Concentrate on what is really important. Don’t be over-ambitious.There is a time limit and a limit to what people can be taken in. Cue cardssuits some people. Should just have key words, not the text. Postcard size. Number them. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  37. Format?Debate, conversation with audience, lecture? Practise.To build confidence. Need full-scale rehearsal for timing. Consider your audience.Present state of knowledge? Write out first draft.Review this and take out irrelevant material. Consistent? Flows smoothly? Don’t try to learn verbatim. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  38. 3. The presentation • Title: Give the title and stick to it. • Dramatise. Find a memorable way to get point across. • Be positive. Maintain the appearance of being confident. • Structured. Make presentation structured. (see next) FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  39. Structured Presentation Example: • State main issue or problem. • Give examples to illustrate. • End with a summary. • Handle questions. • Make a final statement. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  40. Introduction:Explain the outline and structure and the aims of the talk. Main part:Explain the main project with supporting information. Explain any complicated terms. Conclusions:Remind the audience of the subject area and the focus of the presentation. Try to tell an interesting project . FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  41. 4. In the presentation • Use specific examplesif theoretical or abstract. • Use linking statements. • Use visual aids. • Use brief summaries at appropriate points. • Don’t preach. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  42. Write for the ear, not the eye.We don’t speak the way we write. Sentences will be shorter and punchier. Avoid long words, or words that you’re going to find difficult to pronounce. Tape recording.Listen to your rehearsed talk without notes. Flows logically? Voice and pace not monotonous? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  43. 5. Points about your delivery • Pace:Don’t speak too rapidly. Neither speak deliberately slowly. If you speak naturally, pace should be OK. • Timing: Keep to time limit. • Pauseat key points. • Don’t read from a script. This can sound boring. At the very least, don’t sound as if you’re reading. • Eye contact. Connected to last point – look around at audience when possible. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  44. 5. Points about your delivery • Voice.Vary the tone and the pace (slightly). How you say it is important. Don’t shout or whisper. If using a mike, ask the back if they can hear. • Articulation. Don’t slur your speech, making it more difficult to hear. • Avoid repeated phrases.“you know”, etc. • Smile and be confident. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  45. 5. Points about your delivery • Mobility.Try not to walk around. Don’t sit down. Some animation is desirable. Don’t slouch or lean on the wall. Avoid distractions, e.g. gum chewing. • Don’t digress. Difficult to get back on track afterwards. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  46. 6. Question time • Depend on time available • Listen carefully. • Rephrase difficult questions. To clarify understanding. • Take time to consider. OK to say “I don’t know”. • Reply to whole audience. • Don’t take hostile questions personallyand don’t be hostile in tone when answering questions (or asking questions of others). FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  47. 7. Visual Aids • Be careful of colour.Colour on an OHP can be too faint (esp orange and yellow). • Font size. 16-18-point Times Roman is recommended. • DON’T USE CAPITALS. • Don’t try to cram too much in. • Leave on long enough to read. • Put onyour key points. Supplement or explain what is meant by these headings. • Uncover points one-by-one? FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  48. 7.Visual Aids • Figures. Useful for holding interest. • Pointing. Easier to point on an overhead than screen. • Avoid too much room light near screen.But don’t plunge audience in darkness. • Stand so that not in the way of screen. • Number slides in case you mix them up. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  49. 8. Main Conclusions • Keep calm and be positive. Rehearsal can help out with timing. Tape recording even better. • What are your main points? Be concise, focussed and well structured. • Linkages. Keep it flowing well. • Pace. Be natural and keep to the required time. • Overheads. Try not to cram too much in. Keep to main headings • Questions. Answer them carefully. FYPGuidelines(2009-10) DrNorliaSMMRE(Slides1-71)

  50. 4.0 Organizing your Oral Presentation OUTLINE Planning Preparation Practice Performance Questions

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