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Circulatory & Respiratory Key Terms

Circulatory & Respiratory Key Terms. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. The body system that consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood . Also called the Circulatory System. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Sp : Sistema cardiovascular

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Circulatory & Respiratory Key Terms

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  1. Circulatory & Respiratory Key Terms

  2. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM • The body system that consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. • Also called the Circulatory System.

  3. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM • Sp: Sistema cardiovascular • The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood.

  4. EPITHELIAL • Cells that form a tissue like membrane and cover a surface and line a tube or cavity of an animal body. • Skin tissue.

  5. EPITHELIAL • Sp: epitelial • The innermost layer of artery wall is made up of epithelial cells.

  6. HEART • A hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. • Sp: corazón • The heart is made of cardiac muscle which can contract over and over without getting tired.

  7. CHAMBER • An enclosed space or cavity. • A small space inside something.

  8. CHAMBER • Sp: cámara • Each side of the heart has two compartments, or chambers – an upper chamber and a lower chamber.

  9. ATRIUM • Each of the two upper chambers of the heart that receives blood that comes into the heart. • Upper section of the heart where the bloodenters.

  10. ATRIUM • Sp: atrio • Each of the two upper chambers, called the atrium, receives blood that comes into the heart.

  11. VENTRICLE • Each of the two lower chambers of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart. • The lower section of the heart where the blood leaves.

  12. VENTRICLE • Sp: ventrículo • The force exerted by the ventricles pushes blood out of your heart and into arteries.

  13. EXERT • To put a force on. • Sp: ejercer • When muscles cells in the ventricle contract they exert a force on the blood.

  14. NETWORK • An interconnected or interrelated chain group or system. • A system of lines wires etc. that are connect to each other.

  15. NETWORK • Sp: red • Like the roads that link all parts of the country, your body has a “highway network” called the cardiovascular system that links all parts of your body.

  16. BLOOD VESSELS • The tubular structure that carries blood through tissues and organs. • The tubes that blood flows through in the body.

  17. BLOOD VESSELS • Sp: vasossanguíneos • Although some blood vessels are as wide as your thumb, most of the them are much finer than a human hair.

  18. ARTERY • A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. • Sp: la arteria • Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

  19. VEIN • Blood vessels that carries blood back to the heart. • Sp: vena • The walls of veins, like those of arteries have 3 layers with muscle in the middle layer.

  20. CAPILLARY • A tiny blood vessel where substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells. • Very small blood vessels where substances are exchanged.

  21. CAPILLARY • Sp: capilar • In the capillaries substances are exchanged between the blood and the body cells.

  22. VALVE • A flap of tissue in the heart or a vein that prevents blood from flowing backward. • Sp: válvula • As the valves between the ventricles and the blood vessels snap shut they make a dup sound.

  23. AORTA • The largest artery in the body; receives blood from the left ventricle. • Sp: aorta • From the left ventricle the blood is pumped into the aorta, the largest artery in the body.

  24. PACEMAKER • A group of cells located in the right atrium that sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract and regulates heart rate. • Cells in the right atrium that sends out signals that regulates heart contractions.

  25. PACEMAKER • Sp: marcapasos • In some people the pacemaker becomes damaged as a result of disease or accident.

  26. CONTRACTION • The shortening and thickening of muscles to produce movement. • Sp: contraccíon • When muscles cells in the ventricle contract they exert a force on the blood.

  27. OXYGEN-RICH • Full of oxygen. • Sp: rica en oxígeno • Oxygen-rich blood moves from the lungs to the left atrium.

  28. OXYGEN-POOR • Lacking oxygen. • Sp: pobre en oxígeno • The right ventricle pumps oxygen-poor blood to the lungs.

  29. ELECTRICAL IMPULSES • A sudden flow of electric current in one direction. • Electricity going in one directions. • Sp: impulsoseléctricos

  30. ELECTRICAL IMPULSES • Tiny electrical impulses travel from the battery through the wires and make the heart contract.

  31. HEART RATE • The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute. • Heartbeats in the a certain time. • Sp: ritmocardíaco

  32. HEART RATE • The pacemaker constantly receives messages about the body’s oxygen needs. It then adjusts the heart rate to match

  33. WASTE • An unusable or unwanted substance or material. • Sp: residuos • When cells break down glucose they produce carbon dioxide as a waste product

  34. BEATS • A contraction of the heart. • Sp: ritmo (pulsación) • Your heart beats much faster when you are exercising that when you are standing quietly.

  35. PHASE • A particular stage in a periodic process. • A part of a repeating process.

  36. PHASE • Sp: fase • A heart beat which sounds something like a lub dup can be heard during the pumping phase.

  37. ADJUSTS • Regulate or bring into a proper state or position. • Changes to make more appropriate. • Sp: ajusta

  38. ADJUSTS • The pacemaker constantly receives messages about the body’s oxygen needs. It then adjusts the heart rate to match.

  39. IMPLANTED • To insert into the body. • Sp: implantado • Modern artificial pacemakers are implanted beneath the skin and are connected by wires to the heart.

  40. PLASMA • Liquid part of blood. • Sp: plasma • Most of the materials transported in the blood travel in the plasma.

  41. RED BLOOD CELL • A cell in the blood that takes up oxygen in the lungs and delivers it to cells elsewhere in the body. • Type of blood cells that carries oxygen to body cells.

  42. RED BLOOD CELL • Sci. name: erythrocyte • Sp: glóbulorojo • Mature red blood cells have no nuclei.

  43. HEMOGLOBIN • An iron-containing protein that binds chemically to oxygen molecules; makes up most of the red blood cells. • Major part of RBC that contains iron that oxygen attaches to

  44. HEMOGLOBIN • Sp: hemoglobina • When hemoglobin combines with oxygen, the cells become bright red.

  45. WHITE BLOOD CELL • A blood cell thatfightsdisease. • Sci. name: leukocytes • Sp: glóbuloblanco

  46. WHITE BLOOD CELL • Like red blood cells, white blood cells are produced in bone marrow.

  47. PLATELET • A cell fragment that plays an important part in forming blood clots. • A cell piece that helps in making blood clots.

  48. PLATELET • Sp: plaqueta • The platelets release chemicals that start a chain reaction.

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