Utah History Ch. 6

1. Utah History Ch. 6 Outline Notes PowerPoint

2. Four Immigration Eras

3. Emigrant vs. Immigrant • Emigrant = a person leaving a place • Immigrant = person coming to a place

4. Perpetual Emigration Fund or PEF • Purpose: • Helped Mormon converts emigrate from their homelands and come to Utah • How it worked: • Money, supplies, and food were donated to help converts come to Utah • Later, the immigrants would repay their “loans” to PEF

5. Documents from the PEF

6. Handcart Era • Purpose: • Cheap and efficient way to bring people to Utah • 3,000 Latter-Day Saints came across the plains with handcarts!! • Martin and Willie Handcart Companies: • worst disaster in the Mormon trek to Utah • 280 of 980 members died

7. Down and Back Wagon Train Era • Brigham Young devised another way to help converts come to Utah • Young men would go on “special missions” • Go to places along the trail to Utah and help converts coming to Utah • Give them supplies and wagons

8. Many Settlement Problems • New Environment • Cold, snowy winters, but hot summers • They were isolated with no fast communication • Living on Native American land • Every year thousand new immigrants came with no money, jobs, or homes • When non-Mormons came there were conflicts

9. Features of Utah Settlements • Streets laid out in grid pattern

10. Features of Utah Settlements • Wide streets with irrigation ditches along side

11. Features of Utah Settlements • Large city blocks: for homes and gardens • Public buildings and parks (called public squares) in the center of the town • Farmlands lay beyond the public square • Trees surrounded farms to break the wind

12. Organization of The Area • Ward: • Divided people into groups depending on where they lived • Stake: • Group of wards • Bishop: • Leader of a ward • Was in charge of temporal and religious matters of people

13. Colonies set up as a gathering place for new immigrants and for commercial purposes Sugar House: Production of goods Las Vegas: Missions to Indians Opera House, 1909 Sugar Factory

15. St. George and Dixie • Mormons were asked to settled St. George • Grew cotton, grapes, sugar, flax, figs, almonds, and olives • Located in the South of Utah • Dixie was nickname for Southern United State

16. Called to Settle a New Place • Brigham Young “called” or assigned people to settle in a new place • People were often chosen by the skills they possessed Pioneer home in Manti, Utah

17. Wedding of the Rails May 10, 1869 • Union of two national railroads at Promontory Summit, Utah • Ended travel by handcart • Immigrants moved in faster and easier • Increase in Gentiles: • A person of non-Jewish nation or faith • Among the Mormons, a non-Mormon

18. Corrine:A Railroad Town • Catholic, Protestants, and Jews lived there • Wanted to avoid Mormon restrictions • Wanted to become the junction city for the railroad, but it instead became small farming town

19. Mining Towns • Railroads made mining more profitable: • Ore could be shipped to rails • Many ethnicities, religions, and nationalities came to mine Miners in Park City, Utah

20. More Mining Towns Bingham Alta

21. Why Come to Utah? • Why did people come to Utah? • Better jobs • More freedom than in Europe • Religious reasons • Often sent one person at a time because they did not have enough money to come all at once

22. Hawaiians in Utah • Mormon missionaries converted many Hawaiians to the Mormon church • LDS leaders encouraged Hawaiians to settle in Utah • Moved to a ranch near Tooele named Iosepa • The community didn’t last: • The desert climate and culture were too different • Many of these Hawaiians moved to SLC or back home

23. End of the Gathering • More Protestants and Catholics moved into Utah from other states and countries • Official church immigration ended in 1913