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Grid Service Architectures

Grid Service Architectures. Nguyen Tuan Anh. Overview. A bit about Grid evolutions Distributed services: technologies trend Grid services Architecture Standards. Grid evolution. GUSTO testbed. GT3.0 OGSI/OGSA. GT4.0 WSRF-Draft. GT4.2 WSRF. GT1.0. 1996. 1999. 2002. 2005. 2008.

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Grid Service Architectures

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  1. Grid Service Architectures Nguyen Tuan Anh

  2. Overview • A bit about Grid evolutions • Distributed services: technologies trend • Grid services • Architecture • Standards

  3. Grid evolution GUSTO testbed GT3.0 OGSI/OGSA GT4.0 WSRF-Draft GT4.2 WSRF GT1.0 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 GGF Proof of concept Standardization • Basic services? • Security issues • Grid architecture • Grid interoperability Globus Toolkit !!!! http://www.globus.org

  4. Where are we now? • Grid service standardization is almost done • Grid service architecture • Grid service specification • Grid middleware • Based on Grid and Web standards • Reference implementations • Direction for the future • Emphasis on Application as Service • Cloud computing Keyword: SERVICES! SERVICES! SERVICES!

  5. Traditional Distributed Computing Paradigm • CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) • RMI (Remote Method Invocation) • DCOM (Distributed Component Object Model) • RPC (Remote Procedure Call) • What issues those tools have to face with?

  6. Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

  7. Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI)

  8. Distributed Component Object Model • Microsoft-flavor distributed objects

  9. CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture

  10. What is still missing in those technologies to be used on the Grid?

  11. How Web Service enters the scene • Traditional distributed computing tools • None has ever caught on for ubiquitous and heterogeneous environments. • Human as a part of the environment • Security issues • Most haven't even tried to make that a design goal. • Web services applies the same programming paradigm but largely based on emerging Internet and Web technologies • HTTP • XML

  12. Web Service definition • Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable Machine to Machine interaction over a network. • Web services are frequently just Web APIs that can be accessed over a network • Grid servicesas stateful Web services • Open Grid Service Infrastructure (OGSI) • Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF)

  13. The “Grid service” cloud , WSRF Which services are available Which standard are Grid services based on? Where services will be deployed and executed Which background technology are Grid services based on? GT4 Unicore gLite

  14. OGSA: design principles

  15. Grid architecture: principles • Fabric layer • Physical resources • Computers/ computing platforms • Data storages • Sensors • Network • Layered on top of local OS • Resource & connectivity protocols layer • Provide access to resources and services in the fabric layer • Security management • Authentication • Authorization • Secure communication

  16. Grid architecture • Collective service layers • Facilitate the use of resources/services • Provide meta-services • Resource discovery • Resource brokers • Failure detection • ... • User application layers • Grid applications • Parallel applications • Service-oriented applications • ...

  17. OGSA’s view of the Grid environment

  18. How to define a Grid service?

  19. Grid Service Specifications • Open Grid Service Infrastructure (OGSI) • GT3, 2002 • Toward but not yet converge with Web Services • Web Service Resource Framework (WSRF) • GT 4.x, 2005 • Fully convergence with Web services • Both OGSI and WSRF heavily depend on Web Services technologies and Specifications (WS) • OGSA extends WS specs to define stateful Grid services • WSRF use WS specs to define Grid services

  20. OGSI and WSRF OGSI WSRF

  21. OGSI and WSRF • OGSI: Grid services in one specification • Do not work well with existing WS tools • Object and component paradigm • Data as part of the service • WSRF: Grid services as composite of WS-related specifications • Benefit WS tools to develop WSRF services • Decompose into “interfaces” (WS) and resources • Favor client-server model

  22. OGSI vs. WSRF specs

  23. OGSA on top of WSRF

  24. Grid Service Factory • “Factory” design pattern • A service used to create new service instances

  25. WSRF service invocation

  26. A bit more about Web services …

  27. Web Services Protocol • Simple Object Access Protocol • XML-based method calls over a network • An enveloping mechanism consisting of elements (in the SOAP namespace) within which any XML can be sent • An RPC mechanism, as well as a data-encoding model.

  28. SOAP

  29. WSDL: Web Service Description Language

  30. WS Specifications Messaging SpecificationsSOAP WS-Addressing MTOM (Attachments) WS-Eventing    Security SpecificationsWS-Security WS-SecureConversation WS-Trust WS-Federation Requestor ProfileWS-Federation Passive Reliable Messaging SpecificationsWS-ReliableMessaging Transaction SpecificationsWS-Coordination WS-AtomicTransaction WS-BusinessActivity Metadata SpecificationsWSDLUDDI WS-Policy WS-PolicyAssertions WS-PolicyAttachment WS-SecurityPolicy XML SpecificationsXML Namespaces in XMLXML Information Set XInclude    BusinessProcess Connected Applications Management … Security Reliability Transactions Metadata Messaging XML … HTTP TCP SMTP

  31. A bit more about WSRF …

  32. Web services: stateless invocation

  33. From stateless to stateful service

  34. WSRF: Web Service Resource Framework • WSRF : a framework that • Provide Web Service interface • Elaborate resource (data) to the web service

  35. Conclusion • Moving fast toward Service-centric environment/applications • Many technologies: Web and Grid conversions • Grid goes far beyond HPC, toward business applications • Cloud computing • My dream “Grid infrastructure as analog of electrical Grid” not yet come true • Possibly in near future

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