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How the Turks Saved Turkey

How the Turks Saved Turkey. The Turks. First known from Chinese accounts First known use of “Turk” in 6th century Arrived in Anatolia late 11 th century Altaic language related to Mongolian Not related to European languages Not related to Arabic

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How the Turks Saved Turkey

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  1. How the Turks Saved Turkey

  2. The Turks • First known from Chinese accounts • First known use of “Turk” in 6th century • Arrived in Anatolia late 11th century • Altaic language related to Mongolian • Not related to European languages • Not related to Arabic • Agglutinative language: forms words by repeated addition of endings (compare English “friendliness”)

  3. The Turkish Language • Bulmak = find • Bulunmak = to be found • Bulunduk = having been found • Bulundugunuz = your having been found • Yer = place • Bulundugunuz yer = The your-having-been-found place = You are here

  4. Ottoman Empire 1400

  5. Ottoman Empire 1460

  6. Aya Sofia, Istanbul

  7. Ottoman Empire 1520

  8. Ottoman Empire 1566

  9. Ottoman Empire 1683

  10. Ottoman Empire 1690

  11. An Ottoman Ottoman

  12. Ottoman Empire 1700

  13. Ottoman Empire 1750

  14. Ottoman Empire 1830

  15. Ottoman Empire 1880

  16. Ottoman Empire 1913

  17. The Young Turks • Mehmed Talat Pasha – prime minister • İsmail Enver Pasha – minister of war • Ahmed Djemal Pasha – minister of navy • Effectively ruled Empire during First World War • Allied with Germany during World War I • Fled Empire after the war

  18. Ottoman Empire 1918

  19. Turkish History in One Picture

  20. Dardanelles at Canakkale

  21. Gallipoli Peninsula

  22. Carving Up Turkey

  23. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1881-1938

  24. Megali Idea

  25. Post-Ottoman Changes • Sultan deposed 1922 • Caliphate and Sharia abolished 1924 • Language Reforms 1930’s • Adoption of modified Roman Alphabet • Purge of Arabic and Persian words • Islam no longer official religion • Women gain vote and right to hold office 1934

  26. Pluses and Minuses • Upside • Turkey deliberately aligns with the West • Long-overdue reforms enacted • Dramatic increase in literacy • Downside • Language reforms made Ottoman literature inaccessible • Distorted historical model sometimes used to justify reforms

  27. 21st Century Europe

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