Management for improving Reproductive efficiency

1. Management for improving Reproductive efficiency ผศ.ชัยวัฒน์ จรัสแสง

2. Causes of reproductive inefficiency • Estrus detection and control • Artificial insemination • Embryonic loss • Management at transitional periods

3. Transitional period managements • Before calving 2-3 weeks • Calving period • Post-caving period 2-3 weeks

4. Transitional periods • Physiological change • Metabolic change • Nutritional change

6. Transitional periods monitoring • Body condition score management (BCS). • Negative energy balance (NEB). • Milk fever and subclinical hypocalcaemia. • Rumen health. • Trace elements and antioxidant status.

7. Dry cows 3.5-3.75 • Over condition scored> 4.0

9. Prevention • ADE & Se injection before calving • BCS • Dystocia cares • NEB  propylene glycol • Calcium • Temperature care 7 days postpartum

11. Reproductive efficiency in sow and gilt • Farrowing rate • Farrowing index • Conception rate • Non-productive or empty day • Piglet born per sow per year • Total number and number of born live

12. Reproductive cycle • Gestation 115 days • Lactation 21-28 days • Interval from weaning to estrus 5 days • Total days per cycle 141-148 days Farrowing index = 2.5 -2.6

13. Targets for reproductive efficiency • Litters/sow/year >2.3 • Farrowing rate > 85 % • Non-repeat rate >90 % • Liter size >11.5 • Born live >11 • Born dead <0.5 • Mummified <0.5

14. Reproductive problem • Anestrus • Conception failure • Pregnancy failure

15. Anestrus • Delay estrus • Weaning to estrus 4-6 days • Absence of estrus behavior • Subestrus - Boar estrus detection  accurate 98 % - Stimulate  20 minute per days

16. Treatment of anestrus • True anestrus • 400 IU eCG and 200 IU hCG (PG600) • Estrus 87.6 %

17. Conception failure • Return to estrus  18-24 days • Non-return rate >90 days • Return rate >10 %

18. Factor in conception failure • Timing of service • 36-44 hrs after onset of standing heat • Spermatozoa 24 hrs • Second mating 18-24 hrs • Quality of service • Semen quality

19. Pregnancy failure • Pre-attachment before 13-14 days • Embryonic days 14-35 • Fetal after 35 days • Failure of establish pregnancy • Failure of an established pregnancy

20. Failure of establish pregnancy • Maternal recognized of pregnancy • Prevention • Decrease stress : mating to 7 days • Moving • Environments

21. Failure of an established pregnancy • Infectious • Vaginal discharge • Embryonic death  re-absorption • Low litter size • Fetal death  mummified Viral infection