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Understanding Virus Replication and Gene Regulation: Insights from Lecture Series

This comprehensive lecture series by Philippe Perron-Savard explores vital concepts in virology, including the virus replication cycle, structural characteristics, and techniques for virus detection and measurement. Key topics include the consequences of virus replication on host cells, Baltimore classification, and the intricate regulatory mechanisms of ssRNA and ssDNA phages. Learn how viruses impact cellular metabolism, the significance of gene regulation, and the strategies to navigate transcription and replication challenges. This knowledge is essential for advancements in virology and therapeutic applications.

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Understanding Virus Replication and Gene Regulation: Insights from Lecture Series

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  1. Virology review session: first midterm By Philippe Perron Savard

  2. Lecture 1 • Don’t bother. No questions will be asked.

  3. Lecture 2: replication cycle • Cells provide: ribosomes, nucleotides & aa, ATP (energy), membranes. • Consequences of virus replication on the cells: • Diverts cell metabolism • Fill up the cells • Escape (lysis for example) • Apoptosis induction

  4. Lecture 2: virus structure • Some viruses affect the behaviour of their host to improve transmission • A lot of viruses do not cause disease

  5. Lecture 2: virus structure • Techniques used to detect and measure viruses: • Electron microscopy • Hemagglutination • Plaque assay • Foci formation • Replication cycle

  6. Finding the pfu/ml • If a dilution (1/10000) is made and 1 ml of this dilution is plated: we get 50 plaques. • How do we solve this: • 50 plaques in 1 ml of the dilution= 50 pfu/ml in that dilution. • 50 pfu/ml * 10000 = 500 000 pfu/ml in the original solution.

  7. Lecture 3: virus structure • One step growth curve • Baltimore classification • Basics of virus particles • Icosahedral and helical symmetry

  8. Lecture 4: ssRNA phages • Gene regulation dependent mostly on RNA secondary structure • Replication Vs translation problem • Replication • Transcription of maturation gene

  9. Fig 5 p. 41

  10. Fig 6 p.42

  11. Fig 7 p.42

  12. Fig 8 p.46

  13. Lecture 5: ssDNA phage (X174) • Displays extensive overlapping in genes. How do we regulate transcription? • Concept of frames in transcription • Entry • Replication through rolling circle • Formation of the capsid

  14. Fig 1 p.53

  15. Different frame • ACG ATG GGG CCC TAT GCT • -1 AC GAT GGG GCC CTA TGC • -2 CGA TGG GGC CCT ATG CT • +1 TGG GGC CCT ATG CT • +2 GGG GCC CTA TGC

  16. Fig 3 p.56

  17. Fig 4 p.56

  18. Fig 5 p.58

  19. T7 phage • Entry and DNA winching by RNA pols from the host and the virus. • How it regulates transcription of its genes • How the T7 RNA pol functions • Problems with replication of linear dsDNA • pET vectors for protein expression

  20. Fig 1 p.65

  21. Fig 4 p.72

  22. Lambda phage • Genome organisation • Understanding gene regulation is crucial • How do we repress the lytic cycle? • How do we decide between lysis or lysogeny • Integration into the bacterial genome and its regulation

  23. Fig 2 p.76

  24. Fig 4 p.79

  25. Fig 6 p.76

  26. Fig 5 p.81

  27. Fig 7 p.87

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