1 / 31

Section Two : The Greek City-States

Section Two : The Greek City-States. Section 2 Objectives. Define city-state & tell how the city-state of Sparta & Athens differed. I. The Polis: Center of Greek Life. By 750 B.C., the polis (city-state) became the central focus of Greek life

garrisonl
Télécharger la présentation

Section Two : The Greek City-States

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Section Two: The Greek City-States

  2. Section 2 Objectives • Define city-state & tell how the city-state of Sparta & Athens differed

  3. I. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • By 750 B.C., the polis (city-state) became the central focus of Greek life • It was a town, city or village serving as a center where people met for political, economic, social & religious activities

  4. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • The main gathering place was usually on a hill, topped with a fortified area called the *acropolis • Below was the agora, an open area for people to assemble & for a market

  5. Acropolis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ac.acropolis3.JPG

  6. Acropolis Agora

  7. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • Athens was the largest city-state • Polis was a community of people who shared an identity & goals

  8. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • Three classes:1. citizens with political rights (adult males)2. citizens without political rights (women & children)3. noncitizens (slaves & resident aliens)

  9. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • Responsibilities accompanied rights • Loyalty made the city-states fiercely patriotic & distrustful of one another • Helped bring Greece to ruin

  10. The Polis: Center of Greek Life • Military system based on hoplites • Infantry who carried shield, sword & spear • The fought shoulder to shoulder in a *phalanx formation

  11. phalanx formation

  12. Spartan HoplitePhalanx

  13. II. Greek Colonies • 750 & 550 B.C. many Greeks settled distant lands • Trade & good farmland • Cities of Hellespont, Bosporus & Byzantium

  14. Greek Colonies • Exports: Pottery, wine & olive oil • Imports: lumber, grain & slaves • New wealthy class of merchants

  15. III. Tyranny in the City-states • New wealth led to the rise of tyrants • Greek tyrants were rulers who seized power by force from the aristocrats • Oppressive rules • Aristocrats oppressed them, peasants supported them

  16. Tyranny in the City-states • Seized & kept power by using hired soldiers • Built new walls & temples • Fall out of favor by the 6th century B.C.

  17. Government in the City-states • *Democracy – ruled by the many • Other city-states remained committed to government by an *oligarchy, rule by the few • Athens & Sparta

  18. IV. Sparta • Greek city-state • Gained land through conquest of neighbors • Captured people were known as helots • These serfs worked for the Spartans

  19. A military State • 800 & 600 B.C. • Rigidly controlled & disciplined • Entered the military at 20 & lived in the barracks until 30

  20. A military State • Stayed in the army until 60 • Women & men lived apart • Women expected to remain fit to bear & raise healthy children • Men expected to be brave in battle, to win or be killed

  21. B. Government of Sparta • The Spartan government was an oligarchy • Ephors – were elected each year & were responsible for the education of youth & the conduct of all citizens • 2 kings & 28 men made up the government • Did not debate, but only voted

  22. Government of Sparta • Closed itself off from the outside world • Travelers & travel discouraged • Frowned upon new ideas & the arts

  23. V. Athens • A king ruled early Athens • By 7th century B.C., oligarchy of aristocrats • Economic & political troubles

  24. Athens • Reformist Solon appointed leader in 594 B.C. • Canceled debts, but did not give land to the poor • Led to tyranny

  25. Athens • Appointed the reformer Cleisthenes in 508 B.C. • Created a new council of five hundred • Proposed new laws & supervise the treasury & foreign affairs

  26. Athens • Assembly had final authority to pass laws after free & open debate • *Reforms of Cleisthenes created the foundation for Athenian democracy

  27. Acropolis

  28. Early Acropolis

  29. Chapter Objectives • Describe the roles of the Persian & Peloponnesian wars in Greek history • List the cultural contributions of the Greeks to Western civilization • Explain how Alexander the Great created his empire

More Related