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Explore the controversial concept of Manifest Destiny and its consequences on Native Americans, shaping American history through imperialism and expansion. Journey through events like the Mexican-American War, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Witness the birth of Republican power, sectional tensions, and the road to the Civil War.
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Manifest Destiny • Idea: • Americans are destined to expand across the entire continent to the Pacific Ocean. • Consider the impact on Native Americans • What impact might this expansionist idea have later on in American history? (imperialism and expansion) • Used to justify the Mexican-American War under President • Themes: • The virtue of the American people and their institutions • The mission to spread these institutions and spread the American way of life • God has destined America to expand and spread their virtue to the entire continent
Mexican War, 1846-1848 • Causes: • Americans (especially Democrats) wanted to expand and annex Texas • Whigs were opposed • Why would Southerners want to annex Texas? • Long-term consequences: • American expansionism becomes the norm • Mexican cession and Gadsden Purchase
Compromise of 1850 • Tried to settle disputes caused by the Mexican War: • California is a free state • Fugitive Slave Law is enacted • Slave trade is abolished in Washington DC • Texas gave up western lands that it claimed in exchange for money to pay off debt • Territories of Utah and Arizona will be admitted to the Union under popular sovereignty
Second Two-Party system breaks up Whigs fall Democrats split Republicans gain power
More sectionalism • With the Compromise of 1850, the North had an advantage in the Senate. • Southerners would love to expand into Cuba (controlled by Spain) • Cuba could become a slave territory (plan to take over unveiled in the Ostend Manifesto under President Pierce)
Kansas-Nebraska Act • Kansas and Nebraska become two new states • Popular Sovereignty • Missouri Compromise of 1820 is repealed • Republican Party is formed
Bleeding Kansas • Approximately 1854-1858 • Pro-slavery and Anti-slavery forces are moving into Kansas. • Why would these people move to Kansas?
Lincoln-Douglas Debates • Series of debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas in 1858. • Was Lincoln an abolitionist?
Election of 1860 Clearly sectional voting Democrat vote is split Deep South is determined to secede