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Fujita scale

The Fujita Scale classifies tornadoes based on the damage they inflict, ranging from F0 to F5. F0 tornadoes (40-72 mph) cause light damage, such as broken branches and damaged signboards. F1 tornadoes (73-112 mph) result in moderate damage, including roof peeling and overturned mobile homes. F2 tornadoes (113-157 mph) cause significant damage like torn roofs and uprooted trees. F3 tornadoes (158-206 mph) lead to severe destruction with overturned trains and heavily damaged houses. F4 tornadoes (207-260 mph) have devastating effects, leveling well-constructed homes, while F5 tornadoes (261-318 mph) result in incredible destruction, with houses carried away and debris flying through the air.

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Fujita scale

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  1. Fujita scale

  2. F0: 40–72 64–116 38.9% 10–50 Light damage. • Some damage to chimneys; branches broken off trees; shallow-rooted trees pushed over; sign boards damaged.

  3. F1:73–112 117–180 35.6% 30–150 Moderate damage. • The lower limit is the beginning of hurricane wind speed; peels surface off roofs; mobile homes pushed off foundations or overturned; moving autos pushed off the roads; attached garages may be destroyed.

  4. F2 113–157 181–253 19.4% 110–250 Significant damage. • Roofs torn off frame houses; mobile homes demolished; boxcars overturned; large trees snapped or uprooted; highrise windows broken and blown in; light-object missiles generated.

  5. F3 158–206 254–332 4.9% 200–500 Severe damage. • Roofs and some walls torn off well-constructed houses; trains overturned; most trees in forest uprooted; heavy cars lifted off the ground and thrown

  6. F4 207–260 333–418 1.1% 400–900 Devastating damage. • Well-constructed houses leveled; structures with weak foundations blown away some distance; cars thrown and large missiles generated

  7. F5 261–318 419–512 <0.1% 1100 ~ Incredible damage. • Strong frame houses lifted off foundations and carried considerable distances to disintegrate; automobile sized missiles fly through the air in excess of 100 m (109 yd); trees debarked; steel reinforced concrete structures badly damaged

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