INDIA

1. INDIA Mera Bharath Mahaan Presentation by Vipul Tamhane, Director , Worldwide Infosoft Services Pvt. Ltd.

2. Contents • India-Introduction • Geography • People • Government • Economy • Religions • Politics • Culture • Great Leaders • Women • Indians in America • Useful Links And Sights of India

3. Snapshot • The Indus Valley civilization, one of the oldest in the world, goes back at least 5,000 years. Aryan tribes from the northwest invaded about 1500 B.C.; their merger with the earlier inhabitants created classical Indian culture. Arab incursions starting in the 8th century and Turkish in 12th were followed by European traders beginning in the late 15th century. By the 19th century, Britain had assumed political control of virtually all Indian lands. Nonviolent resistance to British colonialism under • Mohandas Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru led to independence in 1947. The subcontinent was divided into the secular state of India and the smaller Muslim state of Pakistan. A third war between the two countries in 1971 resulted in East Pakistan becoming the separate nation of Bangladesh. Fundamental concerns in India include the ongoing dispute with Pakistan over Kashmir, massive overpopulation, environmental degradation, extensive poverty, and ethnic strife, all this despite impressive gains in economic investment and output.

4. The subcontinent of India lies in south Asia, between Pakistan, China and Nepal. To the north it is bordered by the world's highest mountain chain, where foothill valleys cover the northernmost of the country's 26 states. Further south, plateaus, tropical rain forests and sandy deserts are bordered by palm fringed beaches .

5. INDIA and Neighbours

6. 5,000 year old civilization • 325 languages spoken – 1,652 dialects • 18 official languages • 29 states, 5 union territories • 3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area • 7,516 kilometers - Coastline • 1,000,000,000 people in 2000

7. Parliamentary form of Government • Secular democratic constitution • Worlds largest democracy since 55 years • 4th largest economy • Fastest growing IT super power • Indian Railways ,the biggest employer in the world.

8. HISTORY

9. Indus Valley Civilisation

10. Indus Valley Civilization- one of the world’s first great urban civilizations. HarappaCivilization- 2700BC

11. World’s first university in Takshila –700 B.C Ayurveda- earliest school of medicine known to humans Sanskrit Language –most suitable for computer software

12. India's history goes back to 3,200 BC when Hinduism was first founded. Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism. Judaism. Zoroashtrianism, Christianity and Islam all exist within the country today.

13. Birth of Religions

15. 1700’s BRITISH INVASION

16. 15th August , 1947Indian Independence 26th January , 1950 Republic- India

17. THE TRINITY Generates-Brahma Observes-Vishnu Destroys-Shiva

18. The Great Indian Epics Mahabharata Ramayana Longest Epic in world literature with 100,000 two-line stanzas The first Indian epic

19. Yoga-Made in India Origin –5000 BC Documented by 200 BC – 300 AD

20. Origin of Martial arts – 200 BC Kalarippayat

21. National Emblem “Truth alone triumphs”

22. NATIONAL ANIMAL

23. National Bird - Peacock

24. National Flower - Lotus

25. Culture • Music • Festivals • Art • Architecture • Dance

26. More than 15 vocal forms More than 60 music instruments

27. Music • Music has always occupied a central place in the imagination of Indians. The range of musical phenomenon in India, and indeed the rest of South Asia, extends from simple melodies, commonly encountered among hill tribes, to what is one of the most well- developed "systems" of classical music in the world. Indian music can be described as having been inaugurated with the chanting of Vedic hymns, though it is more than probable that the Indus Valley Civilization was not without its musical culture, of which almost nothing is known. There are references to various string and wind instruments, as well as several kinds of drums and cymbals, in the Vedas. Sometime between the 2nd century BC and the 5th century AD, the Natyasastra, on Treatise on the Dramatic Arts, was composed by Bharata. This work has ever since exercised an incalculable

28. India - God’s own country Celebrates more than 65 festivals

29. Festivals: The festivals of importance are Diwali Dussera Raksha Bandhan Eid Christmas Gurunanak Jayanti Pateti (Parsi New Year) Mahavir Jayanti

30. Indian Art

31. Art

32. Sculptures

33. DANCE FORMS

34. Dance There are many types of dance in India, from those which are deeply religious in content to those which are danced on more trivial happy occasions. There are 7 Classical dance forms of India are usually always spiritual in content, although this is often true also of Folk dances. The classical dances are Kathakali and Mohini Attam from Kerala. Bharata Natyam from Tamil Nadu.Kuchipudi from Andhra Pradesh Odissi from Orissa ,Kathak from Uttar Pradesh, Manipuri from Manipur Folk Dances:Dumhal of Kashmir ,Bihu of Assam ,Brita or Vrita of West Bengal ,Dalkhai of Orissa,Hikat of Himachal Pradesh

35. 7 Classical Dance forms

36. Bharata Natyam

37. Kathak

38. Kathakali

39. Kuchipudi

40. Manipuri

41. Mohini Attam

42. Odissi

43. 45 folk dances

44. Dumhal

45. Sights Of India & Places of historic importance

46. The Himalayas

47. Architecture One of the most enduring achievements of Indian civilization is undoubtedly its architecture, which extends to a great deal more than the Taj Mahal or the temple complexes of Khajuraho and Vijayanagara. Though the Indus Valley sites of Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, and Lothal provide substantial evidence of extensive town planning, the beginnings of Indian architecture are more properly to be dated to the advent of Buddhism in India, in the reign of Ashoka (c. 270-232), and the construction of Buddhist monasteries and stupas. Buddhist architecture was predominant for several centuries, and there are few remains of Hindu temples from even late antiquity. Among the many highlights of Buddhist art and architecture are the Great Stupa at Sanchi and the rock-cut caves at Ajanta. Many other architectures of importance are: Ajanta, Buddhist Architecture, Mahabalipuram, Kanchipuram, South Indian Architecture, Khajuraho, Orissan Architecture, Mughal Architecture, Fatehpur Sikri, Taj Mahal, Fort Architecture, Stepwells

48. Tirumala - Tirupati World’s richest temple

49. Saint Thomas Cathedral Statue of Virgin Mary brought from Portugal in 1543

50. The Golden Temple