Industry Issues, Challenges, and Lessons Learned 潜水行业的问题、挑战和教训

1. Industry Issues, Challenges, and Lessons Learned潜水行业的问题、挑战和教训 Phil Newsum Executive Director Association of Diving Contractors International 国际潜水承包商协会 CIRS 2007, Hainan, China

2. Industry Issues行业问题 • Training 培训 • Lack of world wide availability of formal training programs for underwater operations. 缺乏在世界范围内通用的水下作业培训大纲。 • The need for consistent approaches to training (Theory, practical exercises, mentoring, and assessment). 培训方法统一的必要性（理论、实习、指导和评估）。

3. Industry Issues行业问题 • Certification of Diving Personnel 潜水人员认证 • Not all certification programs allow for the necessary balance between formal assessment and field experience. 不是所有的认证都能达到必要的正规评估与现场经验的平衡。

4. Industry Issues行业问题 • Equipment 设备 • There are different worldwide standards for dive site equipment, which can result in misinterpretation and cause unnecessary expenditures for inspections and certifications. 世界各国对潜水设备的标准不一，可能引发误解，造成设备检验和认证的不必要的开支。

5. Industry Issues行业问题 • Equipment 设备 • There is also a need for a greater degree of redundancy with certain components of the dive site. 潜水现场通常设备中配备更多备件量的要求。

6. Industry Issues行业问题 • Approach to Diving Operations off of DP Vessels 动力定位船舶潜水作业的方法 • There is a need for greater degree of standardization of guidelines for approaches to Saturation and Surface Diving off of DP Vessels. 动力定位船舶潜水作业更高标准指南的必要性。

7. Industry Issues行业问题 • Approach to Diving Operations off of DP Vessels 动力定位船舶潜水作业的方法 • There must also be clarification and communication of the different regulatory requirements for the above applications. 动力定位船舶潜水作业不同管理要求的澄清和交流。

8. Industry Issues行业问题 • Approaches to Operational Readiness 作业准备的方法 • The need for more consistent application and conduct of Pre-Dive Safety Meetings. 潜水前安全会议的进一步坚持不懈的必要性。 • The need for more checklists that reflect the equipment to be used and operations to be performed. 制订更多的用于潜水设备检查和履行作业检查的检查表的必要性。

9. Industry Issues行业问题 • Approaches to Operational Readiness 作业准备的方法 • More consistent incorporation of Job Safety Analysis and Post-Dive Safety Assessments. 工作安全分析和潜水后安全评估的进一步统一。

10. Industry Issues行业问题 • Regulatory Issues 管理问题 • Need for Government and National Regulatory Authorities to work with Operators and Contractors to ensure that regulations are consistent with current industry best safe practices. 政府和国家管理机构与作业者和承包商一起，确保法规与现行行业最佳安全实践一致的必要性。

11. Industry Issues行业问题 • To Meet the Industry’s demands for personnel given the high volume of work worldwide; 为满足世界范围内人员的大量需求 diving personnel are being asked to perform tasks that are outside of their experience level or areas of expertise. 要求潜水人员去履行超出其经验和技能水平的任务。

12. Industry Issues行业问题 • To Meet the Industry’s demands for personnel given the high volume of work worldwide; 为满足世界范围内人员的大量需求 In certain instances, safe approaches to operational tasks are being overlooked to expedite the accomplishment of work. 在一些场合，为尽快完成任务，忽视了必须注意的安全方法。

13. Lessons Learned教 训 • Training can come in a variety of forms, so long as the necessary areas of focus for diving operations are covered. This needs to include a balance of Theory, Assessment, and Practical Application, along with mentoring programs. 只要涵盖了潜水作业必需的内容，培训的形式多种多样。这些都要求在理论、评估、实际应用，以及指导大纲之间达到平衡。

14. Lessons Learned教 训 • Training is lifelong and should not stop after the receipt of an initial certification. Companies should continually assess what areas of continued training need to occur for ALL personnel. 培训是终身的，不应该在首次获得证书后就终止。公司应该不断地评估其所有人员在哪些方面需要进行持续培训。

15. Lessons Learned教 训 • Certification 证书 • Personnel engaged in underwater operations should receive proper certification which accurately reflects their level of experience and training. 从事水下作业的人员应该获得正确反映其培训和经验水平的合适的证书。 • This will serve as an indicator to clients, operators, and future employers. 这将作为给业主、作业者和未来雇主的指示牌。

16. Lessons Learned教 训 • Certification 证书 • Personnel engaged in underwater operations should receive proper certification which accurately reflects their level of experience and training. 从事水下作业的人员应该获得正确反映其培训和经验水平的合适的证书。 • However, Contractors should always determine first hand the level of expertise and training of new personnel through company training, assessment, and mentoring programs. 无论如何，承包商应该始终通过公司培训、评估和指导大 先测定新人员的培训和经验水平。

17. Lessons Learned教 训 • Equipment 设备 • To guarantee the operational readiness of diver’s personal equipment, checks and inspections should be performed and documented by the diver and his employer in accordance with National Regulations and Manufacturer’s Recommendations. 为确保潜水员的个人装备已做好作业准备，潜水员及其雇主应遵循国家法规和制造厂家推荐方法对设备进行检查、测试和记录。

18. Lessons Learned教 训 • Equipment 设备 • Systems and Equipment should always have documentation at the dive site, indicating the record of inspection and other pertinent information about its performance history. 系统和设备应该在现场备有文件资料来证明其检测记录和其他使用情况记录。

19. Lessons Learned教 训 • Vessel Requirements 船舶要求 • It is important to verify through documentation that the dive vessel is capable of supporting the safe operational requirements of the underwater task(s) to be performed. 通过文件资料的核查，证明潜水船舶在水下进行作业时，具备支持安全作业要求的能力是很重要的。

20. Lessons Learned • Approaches to Operational Readiness 作业准备的方法 • Despite the high volume of work and demands for the performance of more tasks in a shorter period of time, companies are realizing the value of safety through the “team approach” in development of the Job Safety Analysis. The on-site and real time development of safety assessments, as well as “Stop Work” authority for ALL members of the dive team are now becoming the norm for our industry. 尽管在一个较短时间内的工作量很大，要求完成的任务很多，公司正在认识到通过团队一起进行工作安全分析的安全价值。现场和实时进行安全评估，以及所有潜水队员有权“终止工作”正成为我们行业的规范。

21. Lessons Learned教 训 • Regulatory Issues 管理问题 • The approach of mutual development of regulatory guidelines is proving to be the most effective means of establishing regulations that are safe, appropriate, practical, and reflective of current industry needs and best safe practices. 共同开发和建立管理指南的方法将证明是建立安全的、合适的、实际的、反映行业需求的和最佳安全实践的管理指南的最有效手段。

22. Lessons Learned教 训 • Regulatory Issues 管理问题 • By applying the cumulative industry experience from both the inland and offshore sectors, standards and regulations developed will brings us closer to incident- free underwater operations. 通过应用内陆和海洋两方面积累的行业经验、已经制订的标准和法规，将会使我们距离零事故水下作业更近。

23. Lessons Learned教 训 • The Association of Diving Contractors International prides itself on working collaboratively with all stakeholders of the Underwater Industry. With more than 500 member companies worldwide, in over 41 nations, the ADCI has worked feverishly to lead the way in setting standards and guidelines for safe underwater operations for almost 40 years 国际潜水承包商协会为它与水下行业的所有股东的协力工作而感到骄傲。它成立至今已有近40年历史，目前在世界41个国家拥有超过500家公司会员，一直为安全的水下作业建立标准和指南指引道路。

24. Thank You Very Much! 谢谢大家！ Association of Diving Contractors International (ADCI) 国际潜水承包商协会 www.adc-int.org