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Origins and Spread of Scandinavian Culture

Origins and Spread of Scandinavian Culture. Or… THE VIKINGS!. Busting the Myths. Vikings did not wear these… They did not normally use double headed axes but instead mostly spears

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Origins and Spread of Scandinavian Culture

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  1. Origins and Spread of Scandinavian Culture Or… THE VIKINGS!

  2. Busting the Myths • Vikings did not wear these… • They did not normally use double headed axes but instead mostly spears • Vikings used human skulls as drinking vessels. There was a phrase saying that the Danes drink órbjúgviðumhausa(“from the curved branches of skulls,” or horns) was translated into Latin as ex craniiseorum quos ceciderunt (“from the skulls of those whom they had slain”).

  3. What are Vikings? • Pirates that came from Scandinavia (years 800 and 1150). The people who lived there were called Norsemen, or Northmen.  • The word Viking means one who lurks in a 'vik' or bay, aka pirate. • Vikings placed heavy emphasis on battle, honor and focused on the idea of Valhalla, a mythical home with the gods for fallen warriors.

  4. Expansionists • The theory that Vikings were ruthless plunderers and murderers is at times accurate but not always • Farmers and fishermen • Reasons why the Vikings left Scandinavia: • Their boat-building skills • Fierce winters left few crops • There was not enough land to go around

  5. Taking over Ireland • FIRST- attackers from Norway raid in 795, and the church on Lambeg Island was plundered and burnt. • Attacked monasteries because cattle, valuables and food were often stored in monastic settlements. They sold items • In the beginning they would plunder and leave- hit and run raids. • Then the lightning raids began in 837 AD (more intense attacks). Now permanent bases were established (Ex. at the mouth of the Liffey, later called Dublin). • 50-100 ships, months • Dublin developed as a trading town and became one of the richest cities in western Europe due to shipbuilding, slaves and commerce. • Then the back and forth • The Vikings eventually settled down in the lands they had conquered. By 950, the Vikings had stopped raiding in Ireland and developed instead as traders and settled in the lands around their towns. The Vikings left many placenames in Ireland including: Dublin, Cork, Limerick, Waterford. A few of their words were also adopted into the Irish language

  6. So…? • Norse names found occasionally in Ireland still include Cotter, Dowdall, Dromgoole, Gould, Harold, Howard, Loughlin, Sweetman and Trant.

  7. Spread of Scandinavian culture • Vikings didn't write down their history (except for some runestone inscriptions) until they had converted to Christianity • Any history prior to that was passed on through an oral tradition carried on by skalds. • Skalds were Scandinavian bards who recited epic poems (called sagas) recounting the deeds of famous Viking kings and lords.

  8. Iceland England Greenland France Russia Normandy

  9. Fun Fact • Beowulf is the oldest surviving epic in British literature. It survived two famous events: • The destruction of religious artifacts during the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII • A disastrous fire which destroyed the library of Sir Robert Bruce Cotton (1571-1631)

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