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TISSUES

TISSUES. CHAPTER 5. TISSUE. LAYERS OR GROUPS OF SIMILAR CELLS WITH A COMMON FUNCTION. INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS. TIGHT DESMOSOME GAP JUNCTION. TIGHT JUNCTION. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Cellular_tight_junction_de.png. DESMOSOME.

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TISSUES

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  1. TISSUES CHAPTER 5

  2. TISSUE • LAYERS OR GROUPS OF SIMILAR CELLS WITH A COMMON FUNCTION

  3. INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS • TIGHT • DESMOSOME • GAP JUNCTION

  4. TIGHT JUNCTION http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Cellular_tight_junction_de.png

  5. DESMOSOME http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Desmosome_cell_junction_pl.svg/556px-Desmosome_cell_junction_pl.svg.png

  6. GAP JUNCTION http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/gap%20junctions1000a.JPG

  7. TISSUE TYPES • EPITHELIAL • CONNECTIVE • MUSCLE • NERVOUS

  8. EPITHELIAL COVERINGS; ALWAYS HAS A FREE SURFACE CONTAINS BASEMENT MEMBRANE LACK BLOOD VESSELS: DIFFUSION READILY DIVIDE TIGHTLY PACKED TIGHT JUNCTIONS/ DESMOSOMES

  9. EPITHELIAL • FUNCTION: • PROTECTION • SECRETION • ABSORPTION • EXCRETION

  10. CLASSIFICATION • SHAPE • SQUAMOUS • CUBOIDAL • COLUMNAR • LAYERS • SIMPLE • STRATIFIED

  11. http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/15lab42006/lb4pg5_files/image002.jpghttp://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/15lab42006/lb4pg5_files/image002.jpg

  12. http://www.ichristianschool.org/images/epicells2.jpg

  13. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS • MOLECULES PASS THROUGH EASILY • DIFFUSION/FILTRATION • EASILY DAMAGED http://capital2.capital.edu/faculty/kromsted/histology/images/epithelial/lung%20simple%20squamous.JPG

  14. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM • LINES FOLLICLES AND TUBULES: MORE STRUCTURE http://classes.midlandstech.com/carterp/Courses/bsr/210_gallery/images/17_Simple_Cuboidal_Epithelial_Tissue.jpg

  15. SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL • MAY BE CILIATED • MORE PROTECTION • ABSORPTION & SECRETION http://classes.midlandstech.com/carterp/Courses/bsr/210_gallery/images/21_Simple_Columnar_Epithelial_Tissue.jpg

  16. PSUEDOSTRATIFIED • NUCLEI AT 2 LEVELS • CILIA COMMON • GOBLET CELLS • RESPIRATORY SYSTEM http://classes.midlandstech.com/carterp/Courses/bsr/210_gallery/pages/23_Pseudostratified_Columnar_Epithelial_Tissue.htm

  17. STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS • SHAPE OF TOP LAYER • PROTECTION • PREVENT H2O LOSS • SKIN, ORAL CAVITY http://a-s.clayton.edu/biology/biol1151L/lab03/new_images/stratsquam_epi2.jpg

  18. STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL • USUALLY 2 OR 3 LAYERS • MORE PROTECTION/ STRUCTURE • GLAND TUBES, TUBULES http://www.stegen.k12.mo.us/tchrpges/sghs/ksulkowski/images/simplecub.jpg

  19. STRATIFIED COLUMNAR • 2 OR 3 LAYERS • MORE PROTECTION/ STRUCTURE • MALE URETHRA, PHARYNX http://www.stegen.k12.mo.us/tchrpges/sghs/ksulkowski/images/24_Pseudostratified_Columnar_Epithelial_Tissue.jpg

  20. GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM • SPECIALIZED CELLS OF SECRETION • WITH CUBOIDAL OR COLUMNAR • GLAND: ONE OR MORE CELLS • TYPES OF GLANDS • EXOCRINE • ENDOCRINE

  21. GLANDS • SINGLE CELL GLAND • MULTICELLULAR GLAND http://www.technion.ac.il/~mdcourse/274203/slides/Epithelium/10-Goblet%20Cells.jpg

  22. MULTICELLUAR GLANDS

  23. SECRETION TYPE OF EXOCRINE GLANDS MEROCRINE: FLUID RELEASED APOCRINE: SMALL PORTIONS OF CELL BODIES HOLOCRINE: ENTIRE CELL RELEASED

  24. http://www.jrank.org/health/article_images/www.jrank.org_health/secretion.1.jpghttp://www.jrank.org/health/article_images/www.jrank.org_health/secretion.1.jpg

  25. http://media.wiley.com/Lux/72/21772.nfg003.jpg

  26. SECRETIONS • SEROUS: WATERY • MUCUS: THICK, MUCIN; BY MUCOUS GLANDS AND GOBLET CELLS http://www.images.missionforvisionusa.org/anatomy/uploaded_images/Conju nctivaEMnormalGoblet-734277.jpg http://www.udel.edu/biology/Wags/histopage/colorpage/co/cosgma.GIF GOBLET CELL MUCOUS GLAND

  27. CONNECTIVE TISSUE • MOST ABUNDANT BY WEIGHT • EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; CELLS SPREAD • FUNCTION: • BIND STRUCTURES, SUPPORT, PROTECTION, FRAMEWORK, FILL SPACE, STORE FAT, PRODUCE BLOOD CELLS, PREVENT INFECTIONS, REPAIR DAMAGE

  28. EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX • GROUND SUBSTANCE • PROTEIN FIBERS • COLLAGENOUS FIBERS; COLLAGEN; TENSILE STRENGTH • ELASTIC FIBERS; ELASTIN; WEAKER , ELASTIC, RESUME ORIGINAL SHAPE • RETICULAR FIBERS; THIN COLLAGENOUS FIBERS; BRANCHED, FORM NETWORKS

  29. CONNECTIVE TYPES • FIXED CELLS • FIBROBLASTS • MOST ABUNDANT, MAKE THE FIBERS, • MAST CELLS • NEAR BLOOD VESSELS, RELEASE HEPARIN AND HISTAMINE • WANDERING CELLS • MACROPHAGES • CAN MOVE, SCAVENGERS AND IMMUNITY, ABUNDANT IN SOME TISSUE

  30. CONNECTIVE TISSUE TYPES • LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE • DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  31. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  32. AREOLAR • DELICATE, THIN MEMBRANES • GEL-LIKE GROUND SUBSTANCE • UNDER MOST EPITHELIAL TISSUE

  33. ADIPOSE TISSUE • ADIPOCYTES • ADIPOSE TISSUE • BENEATH SKIN, FILLS SPACE, AROUND ORGANS AND MEMBRANES • CUSHIONS, INSULATION, STORES ENERGY

  34. RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE • THIN COLLAGENOUS FIBERS • 3-D NETWORK • IN SOME ORGANS

  35. DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE

  36. DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE • MANY PACKED, THICK COLLAGENOUS FIBERS- ALIGNED • ELASTIC FIBERS- THIN NETWORK • FEW FIBROBLASTS • WITHSTANDS FORCES IN ONE DIRECTION- LIGAMENTS, TENDONS • POOR BLOOD SUPPLY

  37. DENSE IRREGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE • COLLAGENOUS FIBERS ARE THICKER AND MORE RANDOMLY ARRANGED • WITHSTAND FORCES EXERTED IN MANY DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS • DERMIS

  38. ELASTIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE • YELLOW ELASTIC FIBERS IN PARALLEL STRAND OR BRANCHING • SOME COLLAGENOUS FIBERS, AND FIBROBLASTS • IN HOLLOW ORGAN LAYERS, BETWEEN BONES OF SPINAL COLUMN

  39. CARTILAGE • RIGID GROUND MATRIX • SUPPORT, FRAMEWORKS, ATTACHMENTS; PROTECTION; MODEL FOR BONE GROWTH • CHONDROCYTES IN LACUNAE • PERICHONDRION • NO BLOOD SUPPLY • 3 TYPES

  40. CARTILAGE TYPES

  41. HYALINE CARTILAGE • MOST COMMON • FINE COLLAGENOUS FIBERS • ‘WHITE GLASS’ • BONE ENDS, NOSE, RESPIRATORY RINGS, EMBRYONIC BONE • BONE GROWTH

  42. ELASTIC CARTILAGE • MORE FLEXIBLE • DENSE NETWORK OF ELASTIC • FIBERS • EARS, LARYNX

  43. FIBROCARTILAGE • TOUGH • MANY COLLAGENOUS FIBERS • SHOCK ABSORBER • INTERVERTOBRAL DISKS, KNEES

  44. BONE/OSSEOUS TISSUE • SOLID GROUND MATRIX; COLLAGENOUS FIBERS • MINERAL SALTS • FRAMEWORK • MOVEMENT: LEVERS • PROTECTION • FORMS BLOOD CELLS • STORES MINERALS: CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS

  45. BONE • OSTEOBLASTS: OSTEOCYTES • LAMALLAE • HAVERSIAN/CENTRAL CANALS • OSTEON • BLOOD SUPPLY: CENTRAL CANAL, CANALICULI

  46. BLOOD • MATRIX: PLASMA • CELLS: RBC(TRANSPORT O2), WBC(IMMUNITY), CELL FRAGMENTS: PLATELETS (CLOTTING) • HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUE

  47. MEMBRANES • EPITHELIAL MEMBRANES: • THIN EPITHELIAL LAYERS AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE • TYPES • SEROUS MEMBRANES: • CAVITIES WITH NO OPENINGS • SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL (MESOTHELIUM) & AREOLAR • SECRETE SEROUS FLUID: LUBRICATION

  48. MEMBRANE TYPES • MUCOUS MEMBRANES • CAVITIES WITH OPENINGS TO OUTSIDE • EPITHELIUM VARIES; AREOLAR • GOBLET CELLS: MUCUS • CUTANEOUS MEMBRANE • SKIN • INTEGUMANTARY SYSTEM (CHAP 6)

  49. MEMBRANE TYPES • SYNOVIAL • LINES JOINTS (CHAP 8) • SYNOVIAL FLUID: LUBRICATION

  50. MUSCLE TISSUE • CONTRACTILE: PULL ON ATTACHMENTS • ELONGATED CELLS: FIBERS • 3 TYPES • SKELETAL • SMOOTH • CARDIAC

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