Kingdom Animalia

1. Kingdom Animalia

2. Body Plans • Asymmetrical • Having no specific shape Sponge • Bilateral • ½ body is mirror image of other ½

3. Body Plans • Radial Symmetry • Same distance around a central point or line • Like a wheel

4. Body Plans • Anterior • Front end of an animal (head) • Posterior • Back end of an animal (tail) Anterior Posterior

5. Body Plans • Dorsal • Back • Ventral • Belly or underside (stomach) Dorsal Ventral

6. Vocabulary • Endothermic • Maintaining a constant body temperature • Ectothermic • Body temperature same as surrounding temperature 98.6° 72 °

7. Body Cavities • Acoelom(ate) • No open body cavity • Pseudocoelomate • Small cavity not containing organs • Coelom(ate) • Body cavity containing organs

8. Pre-fixes To Know Endo = within / inside Ecto / Exo = Outside Meso = Middle

9. Coelomate Acoelomate Pseudocoelomate

10. Invertebrates • No Backbone • 95% of all animals fall into this category

12. Phylum Porifera • Sponges • Asymmetrical shape • Filter water through body (pores) • Sessile – anchored to a surface • No organs, but specialized cells Attached

13. Dye is being pulled in at the bottom and exiting through the tubes at the top

14. Phylum Porifera • Reproduction • Asexual – budding • Hermaphrodites – both male and female reproductive structures • Sexual – shed egg and sperm into water – fertilization is external • Gas Exchange & Excretion – diffusion into water

15. Porifera • http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/spongesvideos.html

16. Phylum Cnidaria • “Bag or Sac-like” Animals • Jellyfish, Corals and Hydra • Radial Symmetry • Tentacles with Stinging Cells (nematocysts) • Tissues (Germ Layers) • Endoderm – Inner Layer • Ectoderm – Outer Layer

17. Cnidarian Digestion Stinging cells • Tentacles surround mouth • Gastrovascular Cavity • Acoelomate (no coelom) • Single body opening • Two way digestion • Have Organs, but no Systems

18. Cnidarian Reproduction • External Fertilization in water • Some release both egg and sperm • Hermaphrodites • Budding – bud grows off parent

19. Feeding Hydra http://www.olympusmicro.com/micd/galleries/moviegallery/pondscum/coelenterata/hydra/t1/hydra02.html

21. Cnidarian Gas Exchange and Excretion • Gas exchange and excretion • Simple diffusion into water Polyps close during the day Polyps open up for feeding, gas exchange and excretion of wastes

22. Phylum Platyhelminthes • Flatworms, planarians, tapeworms • Bilaterial symmetry • Tissues • Endoderm, Ectoderm & Mesoderm • Single body opening – Pharynx – used like a straw to ingest food • Two-way digestion – Food in, waste out

23. Platyhelminthes.... • Reproduction • Sexual, Asexual (Regeneration) • Most species are both male and female • Hermaphrodite • Gas Exchange and Excretion • Diffusion with water • Flame cells simple kidney – filters out excess water • Sensory Eyespots – light sensors

25. Other Flatworms...

26. http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/flatwormsvideos.html

27. Phylum Nematoda • Parasites • Round worms, hook worms and whip worms • Bilateral symmetry • Most numerous worms • Pseudocoelom

28. Nematodes.... Digestion • 2 body openings (mouth and anus) • More specialized digestive system • One-Way Digestion Gas Exchange • Breathes through skin

29. http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/roundwormsvideos.html

30. Phylum Annelida • Segmented worms; most complex worms • Leaches, marine worms, earthworms • Bilateral Symmetry

31. Annelida.... Circulation • Closed Circulatory system (contained in vessels as compared to flowing through an open body cavity Aortic Arch

32. Annelida.... Digestive System • Complete digestive system • Mouth, Crop, Gizzard, Intestine, Anus • First group to have a true coelom

33. Annelida.... Reproduction • Hermaphrodite or sexual reproduction • Clitellum – band located on earthworm used for reproduction Gas Exchange & Excretion • Absorbs moisture and breathe through skin • Nephredia – excretes waste through pores in skin

34. Reproduction

35. http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/earthwormsvideos.html

36. Phylum Mollusca • Clams, Snails, Octopus • Filter Feeders – clams; Gastrovascular cavity – octopus, snails • Bilateral Symmetry • External, Internal or NO Shell • Most developed head of invertebrates so far (except clams) • Tentacles – lack stinging cells, but trap food

37. Clams, snails,octopus

38. Mollusca... • Gas Exchange and Excretion • Gills • Nephredia to remove waste • Circulation • Has a heart • Bivalves – Open Circulation – no vessels • Squid/Octopus – Closed Circulation - vessels

39. http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/molluskvideos.html

40. Phylum Arthropoda "Jointed Walking Legs"

41. Arthropods.... • Lobster, Crayfish, Insects and Crabs • Insects: Most successful group on earth • Largest Phylum • Bilateral symmetry • Exoskeleton: outer skeleton made of Chitin • Must molt or shed their shell to grow

43. Arthropods... • Body segmented into distinct body parts… • Head, Thorax and Abdomen • Better developed senses • Most have internal fertilization (on land) • Gas Exchange and Excretion • Malphigian Tubules, Spiracles, Nephredia

44. Arthropods... • Circulation • Open Circulation System • Complex Nervous System

45. Phylum Echinodermata • “Spiny Skin” • Marine Invertebrates • Sea Star, Sea cucumbers, Starfish, Sand dollars • Water Vascular system controls tube feet movement and aids digestive system • Inner skeleton - Endoskeleton

46. Echinoderms... • Regeneration of lost body parts • Radial Symmetry • Gas Exchange and Excretion • Diffusion into water

47. http://www.mcwdn.org/Animals/echinodermvideos.html

48. Vertebrates • Phylum Chordata • All chordates have these characteristics in some point in their lives • Notochord- dorsal rod of cartilage • Dorsal nerve cord • Gill slits and tail

49. Vertebrates • Sub-phylum Vertebrata • Backbone- made of Vertebrae-bony segments • Highly evolved nervous system

50. Vertebrates • Class Agnatha- jawless fish • Have sucker heads • Ex. Lamprey and hagfish