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Byzantine Art. Early Byzantine Empire. Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey c. 532-537. Anthemius of Tralles & Isidorus of Miletus. Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey c. 532-537. Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantinople), Turkey c. 532-537.
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Theodora and attendants c. 547 San Vitale, Ravenna, Ital
Justinian, Bishop Maximianus, and attendants, c. 547 San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy
How Icons are Made • Made of rectangular wooden panels • Painters were monks and worked with humility, rarely signing anything • Wood prepared by covering the surface with fish glue and then a layer of putty
How Icons are Made • Cloth placed on top and successive layers of stucco are laid over cloth • Paper sketch is placed over and lines are traced on the surface • Gilded, then painted
How Icons are Made • Vanish applied last to make it shine and protect the surface • Icons were often touched, kissed, handled
Virgin & child between Saints Theodore and George c. 6th or early 7th Century
Opaque marble cubes Smooth, flat finish Natural stones and their available colors Floors of private homes Secular topics Realistic detail Background represented landscape Reflective glass Uneven surface, sparkly Glowing glass, variety of colors, gold Walls and ceilings, especially in Church dome or apse Religious Stylized designs Abstract backgrounds Roman vs. Byzantine Mosiacs
Annunciation, c. early 14th Century Saint Clement, Ohrid
Christ as Savior of Souls c. early 14th Century Saint Clement, Ohrid
Virgin and Child (Vladimir Virgin) c. late 11th to early12th century
Andrei Rublev, Old Testament Trinity c. 1410
Pantocrater, Church of Dormition, Daphni, Greece c. 1090-1100
Pantocrater, Church of Dormition, Daphni, Greece c. 1090-1100
Pantocrater, Cathedral, Monreale c. 1180-1190