Control of driving and resting time: Analogue and digital tachograph s

1. Control of driving and resting time: Analogue and digital tachographs

2. The evolution of the tachograph

3. The first known tachograph was produced in 1926 • It registered the driving andresting times and the number of kilometres driven. • Some of the older tachographs had discs that could register data for a week – some only for one day.

4. Some tachographs could also register speed, revolutions per minute (RPM), breaks and rest periods for one or two drivers. • Until the introduction of the digital tachograph, all data were registered on paper discs.

5. In order to facilitate better control and make cheating more difficult, the digital tachograph was made mandatory in all new vehicles subjected to driving and resting time from 1 May 2006. • The goal is to: • Create equal terms of competition • Increase road safety • Ensure the driver’s working conditions

6. 2011/2012 Post-2012 Pre-2011 2nd Generation MS 3rd Generation VU 2nd Generation MS 3rd Generation VU 1st Generation VU/MS 1st Generation VU/MS 2nd Generation VU 2nd Generation VU 2006 Oct 1st 2011 Oct 1st 2012 1st set of changes introduced by Reg. 1266/2009 2nd set of changes introduced by Reg. 1266/2009 Reg. 3821/85 Annex 1B Reg. 3821/85 Annex 1B Reg. 3821/85 Annex 1B

7. All transport operations that are covered by the driving and resting regulations need to use tachographs. • The tachograph needs to be of an approved type and to be activated and calibrated. • The installation plate needs to be placed clearly visible or close to the tachograph. • Periodic inspection of the tachograph needs to be done at an approved workshop at least every second year, in accordance with appendix 1 and appendix 1B.

8. Type approved type of tachographs The list of type approved tachographs is available at the following address: http://dtc.jrc.it/vehicle_units_status.html The list is regularly updated by the European Commission.

9. ActivationAETR-agreement,Annex 1B(Regulation (EC) No 1360/2002) a) ”Activation” means: phase where the recording equipment becomes fully operational and implements all functions, including security functions; Activating recording equipment requires the use of a workshop card and the entry of its PIN code; 243 Vehicle manufacturers or fitters shall activate the installed recording equipment before the vehicle leaves the premises where the installation took place. If the tachograph is not activated, the entire system does not work!

10. CalibrationAETR-agreement,Annex 1B f) ”calibration” means: updating or confirming vehicle parameters to be held in the data memory. Vehicle parameters include vehicle identification (VIN, VRN and registering Member State) and vehicle characteristics (w, k, l, tyre size, speed limiting device setting (if applicable), current UTC time, current odometer value); Any update or confirmation of UTC time only shall be considered as a time adjustment and not as a calibration, provided it does not contradict Requirement 256. Calibrating recording equipment requires the use of a workshop card.

11. CalibrationAETR-agreement,Annex 1B 256 Periodic inspections of the equipment fitted to the vehicles shall take place after any repair of the equipment, or after any alteration of the characteristic coefficient of the vehicle or of the effective circumference of the tyres, or after equipment UTC time is wrong by more than 20 minutes, or when the VRN has changed, and at least once within two years (24 months) of the last inspection.

12. Analogue tachograph

13. Analogue tachograph • All analogue tachographs are approved according to appendix 1. • The data collected by a tachographare «saved» on special diagram-discs (record sheets). • The diagram sheets and the tachographmust be compatible.

14. Selection of the right diagram sheets for a tachograph e1 57

15. Diagram sheets • Comparing the diagram sheets to a 24-hour clock makes the reading of the sheet easier. • The sheet has a great deal of information recorded. Inner and outer numbering (circular ring) Support lines for recording speed

16. What is recorded on the disc? Driver number 1. • Distance • Driving & resting time • Speed

17. Distancestylus • The function of the distance stylus is to register the distance driven. • From the bottom to the top is5 km. On this display, the distance driven is 80 km

18. Stylus for driving and resting time - 1 This is the trace used to calculatethe driving and resting time. - With four different thicknesses.

19. Driving. • Other work. • Time available • Time as 2nd driver • Resting. Stylus of driving and resting time - 2

20. Speed stylus • To register the speed of the vehicle • The zero-point should normally be just above the numbering lines • Can be used to controlspeed limiter

21. Driver number 2. Only one stylus: Driving & resting staple - Three different thicknesses ( )

22. Filling in the diagram sheet When the sheet is inserted: When the sheet is taken out: Surname and first name Normann, Ola Baku Starting place Ending place Tbilisi Starting date 24.09.12 Ending date 25.09.12 VRN: 31-BC- 850 Odometer reading at the start Odometer reading at the end 363707 363065 642 Kilometres driven (not required) 22

23. Change of vehicle during a working day. Normann, Ola Baku 24.09.12 2620 2554 Baku 31-BC- 850 12:45 54-AZ- 123 25.09.12 363065 67-DE- 345 18:30 524312 514855 514633

24. There are tools to simplify the reading of the diagram disc. • The disc-reader is a good and efficient helping tool.

25. Driving time – period 1: 4 h 30 min. Driving time – period 2: 8 h 12 min. Daily driving time: 12 h 42 min. Start 15 min. 13 min. 30 min. Period 1 10 min. Period 2

26. Digital tachograph

27. What parts are included inthe Digital tachograph system? • Vehicle unit (VU) • Motion sensor (MS) • Cables • Tachograph cards • driver card • control card • workshop card • company card

28. Before the sensor and VU can communicate, they must be coded together. • A VU can only communicate with one sensor. • All data between the sensor and VU / card is encrypted. Encryption of data

29. What digital tachographs are in use? • As from 1 January 2010 there are four kinds of approved digital tachographs. • Continental (former Siemens VDO) • Stoneridge • Actia • Efkon

30. Tachograph card Four different types of cards • driver card (white) • workshop card (red) • company card (yellow) • control card (blue)

31. ”Card conflict” 060 This event shall be triggered when any of the valid cards combination noted X in the following table arise:

32. Operational Modes Data Read Access Rights No Card Driver Card Control Card Company Card All data except for periods locked by other companies + Idem No Card All data with personal identifiers blinded All own data + Idem No Card All data Print Display Forbidden Forbidden All data All data except for periods locked by other companies Download 32

33. Card Number NO10000064145000 First card NO10000064145010 First replacement card NO10000064145020 Second replacement card NO10000064145001 First renewal card

34. From paper discs to printouts. 34

35. UTC-Time • On the Analogue tachograph, all the timesrecorded on the sheet are the same as the official time in the country of registration of the vehicle • In a Digital tachograph, all the times and the calendar days are related to UTC time. • UTC-Times = Universal Time Coordinated 35

36. UTC-Time 36

37. On the Analogue tachograph, a stylus is used to register the driver's activities on a paper disc. • Using the Digital tachograph, the registered digital data can be shown on the display and/or on a printout.

41. Data recorded 41

42. DATA RECORDED BY THE TACHOGRAPH 42

43. The system has been designed in such a way that: the digital tachograph itself is considered as the memory of the vehicle, the driver card is considered as the memory of the activities undertaken by its holder. 43

44. The system registers the following information: • concerning the vehicle: parameters, VRN and VIN • concerning the tachograph: (part and serial number, manufacturer’s name, faults • concerning the driver: name and his/her driver card number

45. The tachograph registers the following information: • concerning the driving time: all driving times with or without a driver card will also be recorded • concerning the driver’s other activities: rest, availability and work will be recorded through manual entries in real time (switch mode)

46. ON THE DRIVER CARD 46

47. The driver card registers: • the same information as the tachograph about the vehicle and the tachograph characteristics. • concerning the driving time: all driving times, but nothing when the driver card is not inserted. • concerning the driver’s other activities: rest, availability and work are recorded through manual entries “a posteriori” on the driver card, but without erasing anything already recorded 47

48. Drivers’ activities are also recorded with some other data, identifying: their location at the beginning and at the end of their work day (entered manually by the driver) distances travelled calculated by the odometer values speed (detailed speed and over-speeding) events and faults(malfunctioning of the tachograph, the sensor, the card, etc.)

49. Printouts from a digital tachograph • Daily printout of the drivers’ activities from the driver card • Daily printout of drivers’ activities from the vehicle • Printout of technical data • Printout of events/ faults from the driver card • Printout of events/ faults from the vehicle • Printout of infringements of the speed limit

50. Printouts This section will focus on how to interpret the “Daily printout of the drivers’ activities from the driver card”