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Addressing Global Human Resource Development Shortages in Optometry and Vision Health

This article explores the pressing needs in the field of optometry and human resource development (HRD) globally, particularly in addressing avoidable blindness. With an alarming 802 million individuals experiencing visual impairment and inadequate human resources, strategic educational and programmatic approaches are essential. The need for effective partnerships and capacity building is emphasized, drawing from successful experiences across multiple countries. A multi-level educational framework and targeted capacity-building strategies are proposed to ensure sustainable solutions to HR shortages in optometry.

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Addressing Global Human Resource Development Shortages in Optometry and Vision Health

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  1. HRD in Optometry Luigi Bilotto Director Global Human Resource Development

  2. What are the needs • Strategic approach to address the HR shortages • Relate relevant experiences • Toward a working model • Challenges

  3. Global Avoidable Blindness • 802m VI • 123m DVI due to URE • 517m NVI due to presbyopia • 90% in developing context 640 million people are blind or vision impaired simply because they don’t have a pair of glasses

  4. HRD Shortage

  5. HRD Shortage • Estimated Cost of Correcting URE, Fricke TR et al.

  6. HRD Shortage 1 /10 000 250 000 325 000 75 % 20 % 1 M+ • 170 000 HR existing • 50 000 HR needed • Assumes: • Ratio = 1 / 50 000 • Fulltime commitment • Only dealing with VI

  7. Optometry Programs Developing context ~ 30% 90% of the need

  8. Strategic Approach • Targets good working basis • Effective needs call for a solid foundation • Integrated • Certified • Upscalable • Sustainable • Implement educational systems • Increase capacity of existing institutions

  9. Evidence Basis • Experience in 3 countries Africa • Aim: 4-5 year degree • Multilevel scheme • Needs • Resources • Educational structures • Faculty development

  10. Malawi Diploma (OT) in Lilongwe (2010) Degree (Optom) in Mzuzu (2008)

  11. Malawi 10/year 20/year Target = 300

  12. Malawi 20/year 40/year # Target = 300

  13. Eritrea (Asmara) Diploma (OT) 2009 Degree (Optom) 2012

  14. Eritrea 12/year 20/year Target = 100

  15. Mozambique (Nampula) Degree (Optom) 2009

  16. Mozambique (Nampula) 20/year Target = 400

  17. Mozambique (Nampula) 60/year # Target = 400

  18. Towards Best Practice Model Partnerships Support Empowerment Appraisal

  19. Towards Best Practice Model Partnerships • Institutions • Government • NGO / Funders Support Empowerment Appraisal

  20. Towards Best Practice Model Partnerships • Curriculum • Educational • Faculty • Infrastructure Support Empowerment Appraisal

  21. Towards Best Practice Model Partnerships • Systems • Local HR • Sustainability Support Empowerment Appraisal

  22. Towards Best Practice Model Partnerships • Monitor • Assess • Validate • Cost-effectiveness Support Empowerment Appraisal

  23. Global Optometry Support Initiative • Africa • Mali (2009) • Cameroon (2011) • Kenya (2011) • Uganda (2013) • Tanzania • Ethiopia • Asia • Vietnam (2013) • India • China • ME • Pakistan • Bangladesh • Sri Lanka • Latin America

  24. Indicators suggest that this approach is effective and probably cost-effective How do we facilitate it? escalate it?

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