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W3C Web Standards Effective use of CSS / HTML

W3C Web Standards Effective use of CSS / HTML. * Ignore Spell mistakes as its Created by IT Professional for IT Professionals. Training Agenda. W3C Standards Benefits Includes Implementation Considerations Conclusion Effective usage of CSS HTML Tips (Food for thought).

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W3C Web Standards Effective use of CSS / HTML

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  1. W3C Web StandardsEffective use of CSS / HTML * Ignore Spell mistakes as its Created by IT Professional for IT Professionals http://kb.nextbridge.org

  2. Training Agenda • W3C Standards • Benefits • Includes • Implementation • Considerations • Conclusion • Effective usage of CSS • HTML Tips (Food for thought) http://kb.nextbridge.org

  3. W3C Standards Adavantages • Standards compliant Web sites Advantages • Lower your development and maintenance efforts • Compatible • Loads fast • Save bandwidth • Accessible • Better SEO • Easier to modify • Scalable & Re-useable http://kb.nextbridge.org

  4. Compatibility • Backward compatibility: Render properly on old devices, browsers etc... • Forward compatibility: Will render properly on future devices, browsers, etc... • Render properly on all Platforms: IBM, Linux, Apple ... • browsers: Internet Explorer, Netscape, FireFox, Safari, Opera ... • Devices: PDA's, mobile phones ... http://kb.nextbridge.org

  5. Website when rendered on Mozilla Firefox http://kb.nextbridge.org

  6. Website when rendered on Internet Explorer http://kb.nextbridge.org

  7. What is the solution ? • Set a browser detection script and serve a different file for every browser. Which requires Designing a different page that renders properly on every browser. • Use CSS Hacks to identify the browser • Conditional Comments • <!--[if IE]> Some CssCode<![endif] --> • <!--[if lte IE 6]> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="ie_hacks.css" /><![endif]--> • Condition is one of the following: • IE (Any version of IE) • lt IE version “ < “ (Versions less than version) • lte IE version “ <= “ (Versions less than or equal to version) • IE version (Only version) • gte IE version “ >= “ (Versions greater than or equal to version) • gt IE version “ > “ (Versions greater than version) • Stylegala- No More CSS Hacks • Many more CSS Hacks • Use Standards compliant pages with a proper Doctype. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  8. DocType • Every web page should contain a "Doctype", Doctype (short for "document type declaration") informs the browser which version of HTML / XHTML you're using. • Some doctypes • HTML 4.01 Strict • <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> • HTML 4.01 Transitional • <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> • HTML 4.01 Frameset • <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> • XHTML 1.0 Strict • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> • XHTML 1.0 Transitional • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> • XHTML 1.1 • <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd"> http://kb.nextbridge.org

  9. Advantages of DocType • Web browsers render a web page according to it's Doctype. • Standards compliant web sites should render the same on all browsers, Un-like a web page that doesn't contain a doctype it's rendered differently on every browser. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  10. Loads fast • Standards compliant web site is more than half file size • Due to smaller files sizes • Therefor it loads twice as fast • And save more than half the bandwidth • Bandwidth: The amount of data downloaded from a server. Non Complaint Home Home Complaint Use in Repetition http://kb.nextbridge.org

  11. Accessible • Accessible for blind persons • Images (ALT) • Using Screen Reader • Accessible for motor skill impaired • Access key for navigation links • Logical tab index for buttons and forms http://kb.nextbridge.org

  12. Compatible with more browsers and platforms • Overall, 5 different rendering engines are used to surf the web in dozens of browsers on 3 platforms. • More and more browsers, other than Internet Explorer for Windows, are used to surf the web. • Windows : MSIE, Netscape Gecko, Opera. • Mac: MS-Tasman (IE/Mac) , Netscape Gecko, KHTML, Opera • Linux: Netscape Gecko, KHTML, Opera • Coding to standards (instead one or two specific browsers) is then the only practical solution. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  13. Usage of CSS • Rather than defining the styles in code use a standard CSS separate file containing all the styles of an application. • Getting rid of the painful mix of content and presentation by separating them. • It is possible to update style sheets (and change the layout on all pages) without updating the documents. • Concept of theming AND/OR Template. • Use Strict HTML and CSS to enforce the separation. • “CSS has made it possible to transform table-based layouts into Div Based layouts. Typically this reduces page size by 25 to 50%“. • Avoid Replication of Styles. • Use Dependencies where it is needed. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  14. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  15. Parts of a File http://kb.nextbridge.org

  16. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  17. W3 Requires • W3C stated that Tables shouldn't be used for forming web site layouts, it should only be used for data table, calendar, etc... • A standards compliant web site shouldn't use table based layouts, it should use Pure CSS layouts instead. • To make sure that your Markup complies the Standards your web pages should pass the W3C Markup validator. • http://validator.w3.org/ • To make sure that your CSS complies the Standards your web pages should pass the W3C CSS validator. • http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/ http://kb.nextbridge.org

  18. Conclusion • Using standards today means • Reducing efforts of development and management of content • Reaching a wider audience (wider compatibility with browsers, accessibility, better ranking in search engines) • Compliance with accessibility law • Tomorrow • Reduced hazards for upcoming developers. • Reduced cost of maintenance • Flexibility of presentation, including non-PC devices • A door open to XML technologies and benefits http://kb.nextbridge.org

  19. Effective use of CSS3 • Using CSS for special effects on text makes one’s web site much easier to design the elements. • p { text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #000; } Shadow your text • text-shadow: 0 0 4px #ccc, 0 -5px 4px #ff3, 2px -10px 6px #fd3, -2px -15px 11px #f80, 2px -18px 18px #f20; Multiple Shadows using Commas http://kb.nextbridge.org

  20. Effective use of CSS3 • Make the corners round • #example1 { border-radius: 15px; } • border-bottom-left-radius, border-bottom-right-radius, border-top-left-radius, border-top-right-radius • Examples • border-top-left-radius: 10px 5px; • border-bottom-right-radius: 10% 5%; • border-top-right-radius: 10px; http://kb.nextbridge.org

  21. Effective use of CSS3 • -moz-border-radius: 150px; /* for firefox */    • -webkit-border-radius: 150px; /* for webkit browsers: • More • Apply gradient using CSS3 • Even design smiles and shapes using CSS3 http://kb.nextbridge.org

  22. Creating Smiley using CSS3 • Create div with max radius and within big div • Using more divs and there coordinates put mouth line • Even use the divs with radius to put more on smiley http://kb.nextbridge.org

  23. Smiley Implementation(HTML) <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html><head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>Animation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css" media="all"> </head> <body> <div id="content"> <div class="head head-one block relative"> <div class="eye left block absolute"></div> <div class="eye right block absolute"></div> <div class="pupil pupil-left block absolute"></div> <div class="pupil pupil-right block absolute"></div> <div class="mouth block absolute"></div> </div> <div class="head head-two block relative"> <div class="eye left block absolute"></div> <div class="eye right block absolute"></div> <div class="pupil pupil-left block absolute"></div> <div class="pupil pupil-right block absolute"></div> <div class="mouth block absolute"></div> <div class="tongue block absolute"></div> </div> </div> </body></html> http://kb.nextbridge.org

  24. Smiley Implementation(CSS) #content { width: 700px; margin: 0 auto; } .block { display: block; } .relative { position: relative; } .absolute { position: absolute; } .head { background: yellow; display: block; border: 1px solid #000; border-radius: 150px; -moz-border-radius: 150px; /* for firefox */ -webkit-border-radius: 150px; /* for webkit browsers: safari, chrome */ height: 300px; margin: 0 auto; width: 300px; float: left; } http://kb.nextbridge.org

  25. Smiley Implementation(CSS) .head-two { margin-left: 10px; } .eye { border: 2px solid #000; background: #fff; border-radius: 40px; -moz-border-radius: 40px; -webkit-border-radius: 40px; height: 80px; top: 83px; width: 80px; } .left { left: 50px; } .right { right: 50px; } .pupil { background: #000; border-radius: 13px; -moz-border-radius: 13px; -webkit-border-radius: 13px; height: 26px; top: 114px; width: 26px; } http://kb.nextbridge.org

  26. Smiley Implementation(CSS) .pupil-left { left: 80px; } .pupil-right { right: 80px; } .mouth { background: #000; height: 8px; top: 203px; left: 66px; width: 171px; transform: rotate(-15deg); -moz-transform: rotate(-15deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-15deg); } .head-two .mouth { transform: none; -moz-transform: none; -webkit-transform: none; } .tongue { background: red; border-radius: 0 0 22px 22px; -moz-border-radius: 0 0 22px 22px; -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 22px 22px; height: 45px; top: 203px; left: 186px; width: 45px; } http://kb.nextbridge.org

  27. Useful for HTML (Food for Thought) • Use <th> for headings in table. • For RIGHT TO LEFT language scripts Add dir="rtl" to the html • Use <h1> for major headings • Web Page title should be appropriate with content. Better to make it dynamic • Call header, footer, content, side bars separately. • Use less flash content for better SEO. http://kb.nextbridge.org

  28. dd_roundies(Just for Knowledge) • Javascript library used for creation of rounded-corner HTML boxes easier for IE • It helps for creating rounded corners which is a very hectic task for developers while they are working in IE • Uses Microsoft's implementation of VML for Internet Explorer. • For other browsers, this adds simple border-radius styles to the document http://kb.nextbridge.org

  29. dd_roundies(Just for Knowledge) • <script src="DD_roundies.js"></script><script>DD_roundies.addRule('.nameofclass', '5px', true);</script> • addRulecan take up to three arguments: (REQUIRED) A text string representing a CSS selector • (REQUIRED) A text string representing a border radius or radii (anywhere from 1 to 4, separated by commas) • (OPTIONAL) A boolean indicating whether or not you want to make roundies just in IE (set to false), or attempt to make roundies in "all" browsers (set to true). • For more information: • http://www.dillerdesign.com/experiment/DD_roundies/ http://kb.nextbridge.org

  30. Credits • Training Head • Wajhe Muhammad • Training Managers • FahadShakeel • NazarHussain • Coordinator • Tehseen • Presenter • FahadShakeel • This Training is available at • http://kb.nextbridge.org Thank You http://kb.nextbridge.org

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