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Alexander Varghese UNIDO Representative for Kenya & Eritrea

Rural Energy Kiosks for Lighting up Kenya Rural Energy Centres for Business Promotion UNIDO’s experience in Decentralized Power Generation for Productive activities A model for replication and upscaling Lighting Africa Conference 19 May 2010. Alexander Varghese

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Alexander Varghese UNIDO Representative for Kenya & Eritrea

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  1. Rural Energy Kiosks for Lighting up Kenya Rural Energy Centres for Business Promotion UNIDO’s experience in Decentralized Power Generation for Productive activities A model for replication and upscaling Lighting Africa Conference 19 May 2010 Alexander Varghese UNIDO Representative for Kenya & Eritrea

  2. Rural Energy Kiosks (REK) for Business PromotionCommunity Power Centre (CPC) Contents: • LED to replace Kerosene + incubate MSMEs for youth employment to assemble LED lamps • Rural Energy Kiosk /Value Addition and improving Quality of Rural Life • The Energy Kiosk/ Business Model • Power Needs in the Rural African context • Sustainability and Scalability (Donor Support). • Impact of Energy Kiosks in the Rural context.

  3. Light Emitting Diodes (LED) TechnologyTechnology Transfer to replace Kerosene Lamps for Kenyan Households in rural areas.

  4. Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Technology Transfer to replace Kerosene Lamps • Quantity and Cost of Kerosene for Home Lighting in Kenya • Pop without electricity (75 %) = 25 - 30 mill • Estimated Nr. of Households = 6 mill ( 5 + members) • Avg. Kerosene • consumption/month = 10 liters / household • Cost per month per household = KSH. 650 – 750 or ( $ 10 +) • Cost per year for Kenya = US$ 500 - 600 million + Total Consumption of Kerosene for home lighting in Kenya is over 700 mill liters + over 1,500,000 tons of GHG-CO2 + (indoor pollution, respiratory illnesses + fire hazards)

  5. Light Emitting Diodes (LED) TechnologyTechnology Transfer to replace Kerosene Lamps for Kenyan Households. • Can be usd extensively in rural off grid areas of Kenya. 5 Components: 1 or 2 Watt LED, PCB circuit, switch, battery, plastic casing. • Provides excellent lighting when compared to Kerosene based lamps. • Can be recharged with Solar, AC power, and in all places where mobile phones are recharged. • Money used for buying Kerosene from abroad can be put to meaningful use within the country to create employment, wealth and income. • Engage unemployed youth to assemble / repair / recharge LED lamps. • Inputs: Components for assembly of LED lamps, Training and capacity building, incubation of micro enterprises for dealing with assembly, distribution, repair and re-charging of lamps. • Outcome: Reduced dependency of kerosene for home lighting, less indoor pollution – GHG, reduced carbon footprint at household level , reduced health problems, increased opportunities for youth to be involved in activities creating income and employment. • UNIDO thru IFC – World Bank to incubate 200 Micro Enterprises in Kenya to assemble LED lamps.

  6. Compare LED LightsVsKerosene LampsKenya Case Study

  7. www.unido.org (Hybrid) Energy Kiosk / Community Power Centres for Lighting up Kenya www.unido.org Kerosene replacement for home lighting Using Light Emitting Diode (LED) LAMPS Renewable Energy Technologies (RETs) Micro-Hydro (Self Sustainable) Energy Kiosk in rural Communities Using RETs Small and Medium Enterprises Anaerobic Digester Community Development Centers Biomass gasification ICT/ Internet Facility ******************************************************** E-Governance Wind ********************************************* Solar Plant Oil/ Vegetable Oil (Not Biodiesel) Productive Activities in Rural Areas

  8. Rural Energy Kiosks (REK) for Business Promotion Community Power Centre (CPC) Ideal for off grid areas / rural areas of Sub Saharan Africa • “Energy Kiosk” is a community cooperative - decentralized RE based electrical energy service Center • REK or CPC can be based on single or multiple (hybrid) sources of Renewable Energy Systems to produce electricity • Depends only on locally available RE resources like Micro-hydro, Solar, Wind, organic wastes (fish waste, slaughter house waste, market waste, (non edible) vegetable oil • “Stand alone” facility (Not connected to Grid). • Electricity used to “Add Value” to promote business in rural areas, improve quality of life, and their produces through productive use • Boosts economic activities in the village

  9. Value Addition to Rural life • What kind of productive activities? Small agro-processing industries that add value to rural agricultural produces like milling, processing, preserving of milk & fruits etc., increasing shelf life of farm produce Community-owned business support services Like ICT services at rural trading centres. Welding, Woodworking, oil expelling, and other small engineering activities Assembly of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps (better lighting, MSMEs for employment focusing on youth). • How is value addition improving Quality of life? Households can have better lighting thro’ the use of rechargeable LED lamps (Zero Carbon Emission) in place of polluting, smoky, unsteady kerosene lamps, averting serious health risks to women and children, charging of mobile phones Computer training & Internet in villages, Increased Business Promotion resulting in increased rural commercial activity and raised Incomes

  10. Structure of CPC or Energy Kiosk for Sub Saharan Africa

  11. RE Technologies- Power Source for Energy Kiosks In Kenya, any one (or a combination of the following sources) is used depending on availability and applicability: • Pico/Micro hydro power ( 10-30 kW or more) • Solar photovoltaic (2-5 kW SPV or more) systems • Wind electric generators (5 kW or more) • Biomass: Organic waste --> biogas digester --> (10kW or more) - Biogas engine generator • Biomass: Biogas Gen with Slaughter house wastes (10 kW or more) • Biomass: Straight Vegetable Oil (Non edible) in Diesel Gen set ( 10 kW or more)

  12. The Power Control Centre (PCC) in Energy Kiosk • This is the facility where the generated power is brought, if need be stored in (Deep Cycle) batteries and converted, and distributed (RE Hybrid Energy resources). • Various electrical accessories like storage battery banks, inverters, control units, energy meters etc are required here. • If convenient, The ICT Centre can be in the PCC room along with other (electrical and electronic) gadgets.

  13. Common Utility Set up (Industrial Shed for productive activities) Depends on the location of the Kiosk or CPC, the people and the need for services as well as energy available for community use It would include one or more of the following applications: • A LED lamp recharging & Assembly facility ( youth Employment) Can recharge LED lamps, mobile phones and car batteries • An Information Communication Technology (ICT) Centre With ICT training facilities for the youth, Internet facility, computer printing and photocopying • Power to Community Services Connection to Public Services (Schools, Health Centres, with a Television, DVD, satellite connection etc for running a Community Development Centre) • An industrial center / Trading or Business Centre. With light industrial activities like flour milling, metal welding, carpentry workshops, oil expeller, hair clipping and saloon, poultry incubators, juice making, cold storage preservation of perishables etc.

  14. Energy KioskCPC Business Model • A typical Kiosk or CPC with 10-20-30 kW (or more) of Hybrid RE based power • Milling, grinding, oil expelling, Mini-Hatchery, other productive activities • Serves 1000 - 3000 households/5000-15000 population • 3 kerosene lamps/household (common) to be replaced by high efficient, rechargeable LED lamps. • LED lamps need recharging once a week • 500-1000 mobiles for 2000 homes; Re-charge in 3 days • 50 car batteries; Re-charge twice a month • Cost for set up: Around $25,000 - $ 150,000 / hybrid energy kiosk ( depends on how much power needed)

  15. Average power generated in Kiosk Why only 10 - 20 - 30 kW? • The Business model looks at 10 - 20 kW (or max 30 kW) for Energy Kiosk to start with. (Can be smaller or larger) Note: 100 kW is too much power for Kenyan ( Sub Saharan ) villages now. Utilization factor will be low • Most villages have a maximum of 1000 - 2000 families • Installation is fairly easy and fast. • Local community empowered to manage its own energy resources • Power Supply is Demand driven; Not technology or supply driven. Power output can be modularly increased. • UNIDO to provide 12 to 18 months working support for maintenance / training of RE equipment, hand holding on productive uses, financial management and administration of Kiosk

  16. Sustainability and Scalability Institutional Support for implementation and maintenance of Energy KIOSKs Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) with the support of Donors: Business Promotion Support (using UNIDO- Donor model) from Kenya Industrial Estates for guiding local entrepreneurs for setting up productive Activities. UNIDO to use the model for promoting productive activities. • KIRDI Has a Renewable Energy Department • Over 200 Engineers/Technicians to provide support for installation and maintenance of Energy Kiosk and also able to incubate enterprises for installation and maintenance operations • Training and local Capacity Building through implemenation of Hybrid RE Systems. • KIRDI is part of the RE programme in the UNIDO’s KIP – Phase 2. • UNIDO to empower (through Donor funding) KIRDI for replication and Up-scaling.

  17. Impact of Renewable Energy Kiosks on rural communities • Empowering Youth involving in Wealth Creation and employment generation ( particularly through LED lamp assembly) • Incubating Micro, small and medium enterprises (Agro-processing, Light engineering, Value addition to primary products – implementation of Donor business concept at all Energy Kiosks)) • Availability of electricity at affordable price and much ahead of grid power arrival • Replacing kerosene lamps with LED lamps is cheaper for families • Cleaner and healthier homes (no threat to eyes or respiratory illnesses or fire hazards, less GHG emissions – part of Climate Adaptation pgm) • Contributes to achievement of MDGs • Local capacity built, Rural market for energy developed • A catalyst for Rural Business and Community development • Providing opportunities for rural communities especially marginalized groups • Use of electricity for productive activities made possible

  18. Energy Kiosk For Lighting up Kenya

  19. UNIDO / Donor partnership • Develop a replicable scalable model of Energy Kiosk for East Africa • UNIDO/Donors raise funds for replicating the Energy Kiosk Programme in Kenya • Implement 100 / 200 functional model Energy Kiosks for productive activities in the next 24 months in Kenya • UNIDO+Donors+ Govt. of Kenya to develop training programmes for replicating Kiosks in other African countries.

  20. Now, Your Views Please Thank you.

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