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Understanding Numerical Prefixes: Exploring Greek and Latin Roots

This lesson delves into the Greek and Latin numerical prefixes that form the foundation of many English words. We explore prefixes denoting quantity, such as "mono-" (one), "di-" (two), "tri-" (three), and more. Each prefix is examined in its ancient context, with examples like "monocle," "duet," and "triple," as well as their derivatives in modern English. This journey through linguistic roots offers insights into the evolution of language and enhances vocabulary, providing a deeper appreciation for the words we use daily.

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Understanding Numerical Prefixes: Exploring Greek and Latin Roots

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  1. Wordskills Lesson 4

  2. Greek Mono Monocle Mono (one) ocul (eye) Proto Prototype Proto (first) typ (model) Latin Uni Unify Uni (one) fy (make) one

  3. Greek Di Dicephalous Di (two) cephal (head) ous (full of) Latin Du (duo) Duet Du (two) et (small) Duplex Du (two) plex (strike) two

  4. Greek Tri Triple (tri (three) ply (fold) Latin Tri Triplex Tri (three) plex (strike) three

  5. Latin Quadr (quart) Quadrilateral Quadr (four) later (side) Quarter (quart (four) – one four Greek Tetra Tetrahedron Tretra (four) hedron (faces) four

  6. Greek Penta Pentagon Penta (five) gon (side, angle) Latin Quint Quintet Quint (five) et (small) five

  7. Greek Hexa Hexagon Hexa (six) gon (side, angle) Latin Sex (ses) Sextant Sex (one sixth of a circle) A sextant is a navigational instrument for measuring altitude and is graduated into sixths of a circle. six

  8. Greek Hepta Heptarchy Hepta (seven) arch (rule) Latin Septa September Septe (seven) In the original calendar – September was the seventh month. seven

  9. Greek Octa Octagon Octa (eigth) gon (angle) Latin Octa (octo) Octahedron Octa (eight) hedron (face) October eight

  10. Greek Ennea Ennead Ennea (group of nine) Enneagon Ennea (nine) gon (angle) Latin Nona (novem) Nonagenarian Nona (nine) gen (born) ian (one who) *it means someone who is in his/her 90’s November nine

  11. Greek Dec Decade Dec (ten) Decathlon (dec) ten) athlon (contest) Latin Dec Decimal Dec (tenth) Decimate Dec (one tenth) *derives from the Roman soldiers’ practice of killing one of every ten of the enemy December ten

  12. Greek Latin Duodec Duodecimal duodec (one twelveth) Duodenum Duodec (twelve fingers) *the small intestine – named because it was “twelve fingers” long twelve

  13. Greek Hect Hectometer Hecto (100) metr (measure) Latin Cent Century Cent (hundred) hundred

  14. Greek Kilo Kilometer Kilo (1000) metr (measure) *means on thousand meters Latin Mill Millimeter Mill (thousand) metr (measure) * means 1/1000 of a meter thousand

  15. Greek Nano Nanogram one billionth of a gram Latin billion

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