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Chile

Chile. Ginny Jones and Trish Kilgannon. Background Info. Current population : 16,601,707 Ethnicity : white and white-Amerindian 95.4%, Mapuche 4%, other indigenous groups 0.6% Religions : Roman Catholic 70%, Evangelical 15.1%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 1%, other 4.6%, none 8.3%

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Chile

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  1. Chile Ginny Jones and Trish Kilgannon

  2. Background Info • Current population: 16,601,707 • Ethnicity: white and white-Amerindian 95.4%, Mapuche 4%, other indigenous groups 0.6% • Religions: Roman Catholic 70%, Evangelical 15.1%, Jehovah's Witness 1.1%, other Christian 1%, other 4.6%, none 8.3% • Official Language: Spanish • Government Today: Republic • Capital: Santiago

  3. Going Back… • Before 16th century: under Inca rule in the north and Mapuche rule in central and south Chile • Spanish army invaded Santiago in 1541 and established control • Chile declared its independence in 1810 • After 7 years of warfare Chile defeated Spain and ended Spanish control (1817)

  4. Since Independence…

  5. POLITICAL • Unstable and continually changing • Independence brought a system of representative democracy • 1970: Salvador Allende was elected President • Established a Marxist government • Reforms helped the economy • 1973: overthrown by a military coup, led by Augusto Pinochet • U.S. CIA assisted • Undid all of Allende’s reforms • Brutally oppressed citizens • Got rid of constitution and congress

  6. Military Coup • http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3091094076615820821&ei=6iJKS6bMKpHurgLDz4mmAQ&q=chile+history&hl=en&client=firefox-a#

  7. POLITICAL continued • 1990: Chileans voted to end Pinochet’s term and democratic Patricio Aylwin was freely elected president • 1993: Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle was elected • Continued expanding civilian-controlled politics in Chile • Today: stable, democratic nation • President Michelle Bachelet

  8. ECONOMIC • Fluctuating economy • 1970: Under Allende • Helpful reforms • Nationalized major industries and banks • Copper Industry • Major source of income • Implemented price controls • Redistributed wages • Tax reforms • Increased industrial output • Decreased unemployment rates

  9. ECONOMIC continued • 1973: Under Pinochet • Economy weakened due to inflation after the coup • Undid all of Allende’s reforms • Later, decreased inflation • Moved towards a free market economy • Economy hurt by falling copper prices due to a world-wide recession

  10. ECONOMIC continued • Today • Market-oriented economy • Strong financial institutions • Globally connected • High level of foreign trade • 57 trade agreements • Large copper industry • Provides one-third of government revenue • Stores away surpluses for times of need

  11. Chile’s Economy Today • http://worldfocus.org/blog/2009/10/13/chile-squirrels-away-copper-fortunes-and-spends-prudently/7756/

  12. SOCIAL • 1970: Under Allende • Marxist social reforms • 1973: Under Pinochet • Suppressed citizens • Limited civil liberties • Protests against Pinochet • He imprisoned, tortured and killed thousands of Chileans

  13. Social continued • 1990 to Today • People gained more rights • 2004: law passed allowing divorce • Current President Michelle Bachelet promises an increase in social spending • May 2008: 700,000 students organized a national boycott demanding educational reform • Government agreed to address their concerns

  14. Review • Declared independence in 1810 • Political • Unstable • 1970: Allende came to power • 1973: Overthrown by military, led by Pinochet • 1990: Freely elected president

  15. Review continued • Economic • Allende’s reforms helped economy • Reforms un-done by Pinochet • More reforms after Pinochet • Large copper industry

  16. Review continued • Social • Marxist reforms under Allende • Pinochet restricted people’s rights and was brutal towards them • After Pinochet, people got more rights and government appears to care about their concerns

  17. Chile Today • Political • Stable government under President Michelle Bachelet • Economic • Strong economy with important copper industry • Social • President Bachelet plans to increase social spending and address demands for education reform

  18. Sources • https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ci.html • http://www.geographia.com/chile/chilehistory.htm • http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107407.html?pageno=1 • http://www.emayzine.com/lectures/HISTOR~5.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chile

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