Unit 3

1. Unit 3

2. Discussion • Do you believe there are ghosts in the world? Do you know any ghost stories? Tell each other a ghost story…

3. Mysterious phenomena • List some mysterious phenomena in the world • Do you believe there are ghosts in the world? Do you know any ghost stories? Tell us a ghost story …

4. Background Information • Edgar Allan Poe • Time Zones & International Date Line • Sunday = Sabbath Day(安息日,主日), a day of worship and rest • Narrative

5. Edgar Allen Poe (1809 - 1849)

6. American poet, short story writer, journalist, and literary critic, Edgar Allen Poe is considered one of the most important American authors of the 19th century. His short stories deal chiefly with mystery, horror, andcrime. • orphaned at an early age (John Allen: fosterfather) • could recite passages of English poetry at five • expelled from the University of Virginia for not paying his gambling debts

7. enlisted in the US army • appointed to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point • married his 13-year-old cousin in 1836 • began to lose his struggle with drinking and drugs after the death of his wife in 1847 . • suffered from bouts of depression and madness and attempted suicide in 1848 • died on October 7, 1849

8. Edgar's life was marred with intense drinking bouts, giving him a bad reputation in 19th century society. • He however continued to write wonderful short stories which brought him fame in Europe. He was seen as an unstable man sitting in a dim room, with a raven (大乌鸦) over his door, a bottle at his table, a pipe full of opium, scribbling insaneverses. • 'The Raven', the dark poem of lost love, brought Poe national fame in the U.S., when it appeared in 1845.

9. In his supernatural fictions, Poe usually dealt with paranoia(妄想狂) rooted in personal psychology, physical or mental enfeeblement(衰弱), obsessions (困扰), the damnation (诅咒) of death, feverish(狂热的) fantasies (幻想), and the cosmos (宇宙) as source of horror and inspiration, without bothering himself with such supernatural beings as ghosts, vampires (吸血鬼), and so on.

10. Major Works • The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym (1838) • The Murders in the Rue (悔恨) Morgue (太平间) (《莫格街谋杀案》) (1843) • The Raven and Other Poems (1845) • Tales (1845) • To Helen • Annabel Lee • The Cask of Amontillado 《阿芒提拉多的酒桶》 • The Fall of the House of Usher 《厄舍古厦的倒塌》

11. In personal appearance, Poe was a quiet, shy-looking but handsome man. He was slightly built, and was five feet, eight inches in height. His mouth was considered beautiful. His eyes, with long dark lashes, were hazel-gray.

12. Time Travel: What's your view? • The notion of traveling forward or backward in time has fascinated eminent writers for centuries, as in Edgar Allan Poe's Three Sundays in a Week, and also in Phillipa Pearce's Tom's Midnight Garden (text I, unit 2), a boy's puzzling journey across the boundaries of time and reality. • Edgar Allan Poe, who died before Einstein was born, demonstrated the fact that time is a relative thing in his short story Three Sundays in a Week.

13. Time zones & International Date Line • Greenwich Observatory • Greenwich Mean Time • longitude vs. latitude • The date is put forward/back? • lose/gain a day? • Beijing time? • True or false statements (p. 28)

14. Narration • Narrative writing tells a story. • generally used in novels, short stories and plays • The sequence of events is crucial. • Chronological order

15. Text IThree Sundays in a Week

16. Characters • Robert • Kate • Uncle Rumgudgeon • Captain Pratt: Went round Cape Horn (westward); gained one day • Captain Smitherton: went round Cape Good Hope (eastward): lost one day • Summary of the main idea?

17. Main idea and structure of the text • Summarize the main idea of the text. • Divide the text into parts.

18. Structure of the text I (para. 1): Setting and theme of the story II (para. 2-7): The first step in steering the conversation III (para. 8-15): the crucial part of the conversation  the problem and disagreement IV (para. 16-22): End of conversation  reasoning and persuasion

19. Paraphrase • (L4)…after a half hour or so of idle talk, we began to steer the conversation. • After chatting casually for about half an hour, we began to direct/guide the conversation. • (L6) it does seem a coincidence, really, doesn’t it?  It really looks af if we two had planned our trip together.

20. (L10) that’s what Dr. Double L. Dee would call an extraordinary concurrence of events. • … call an very unusual amazing example of events happening at the same time (coincidence). • (L12) But remember that Captain Pratt didn’t go by the same route as Captain Smitherton -- that makes a difference, you know. • Remember the two captains travelled in opposite directions and that's quite important.

21. (L38) It is a judgment on you about you know what. • You are judged about something you don't really know. • … said Smitherton after a bit of mock thought. • …said Smitherton, pretending to have been thinking seriously for a while (… looking as if he had figure out the truth after some serious thinking)

22. (L15) "Well," broke in my uncle. • … interrupted … • (L12) Here Smitherton found his voice at last. • … began to speak. (he's been quiet, listening to others till then.) • (L37) And here Kate ended the quarrel by jumping up as if she had a new thought. • Kate jumped up to bring the argument to an end by pretending that a new idea had struck her.

23. Language points • imaginary/imagined, imaginative, imaginable This is an imaginary/imagined story. Actors are imaginative/full of imagination. What he will say is (un)imaginable. • put/leave ... in(under/to) the care of … e.g. 我让老师来处理这件事情。 I will leave this matter in the care of the teacher.

24. consent (n., vt., vi) • Consent to (doing) sth. e.g. 我爸爸不会同意我离开学校。 My father would not consent to my leaving school. • Consent to do sth. e.g. 他同意做出一些修改。 He consented to make a few alterations. • Silence means consent. (沉默等于同意。) • by common consent公认

25. bid (bade, bid/bidden) • (v.) to say e.g. 女主人来到门前向我道别。 The hostess came to the door to bid me farewell. • (n.) Make a bid for…= try to get e.g. 他们努力争取自由。 They made a bid for freedom.

26. carry/gain one'spoint: persuade others to agree to one’s purpose or objective 说服别人同意自己的目标，达到目的 e.g. Through witty argument she succeeded in carrying/gaining her point. • come/get to the point e.g. I’m in a hurry, so please come/get to the point. • off the point e.g. The chairman made a few rambling remarks, which were rather off the point.（前言不搭后语地讲了几句离题很远的话）

27. coincidence, coincide e.g. 真巧，你买的书跟我的一样。 What a coincidence that you and I bought the same books. • do sth. by coincidence e.g. 我们不约而同在同一时间到达。 We arrived at the same time by coincidence.

28. coincide with … e.g. 我的工作时间和你相同。 My working hours coincide with yours. 我的信仰和你的不一样。 My religious belief and yours don’t coincide.

29. concur (concurrent, concurrenc) • concur in … e.g. The judges all concurred in giving John the prize. 全体法官同意把奖授予John. • concur with + (1) sb. (in…); (2) idea, decision, opinion… e.g. I concur with the speaker in condemning what has been done. 我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。 e.g. 我不能说我赞同您对这部小说的评价。 I can't say (that) I concur with your assessment of the novel. • be concurrent with … e.g. 在这件事上我的看法和你一样。 My opinions are concurrent with yours as regards this matter.

30. claim e.g. 他声称有一辆好车。 He claimed to have a good car. He claimed that he had a good car. • make a claim for/to sth.

31. It so happened that… 1.It so happened that I met Kate’s sailor friends who had just traveled around the globe 2.I happened to meet Kate's sailor friends who had just traveled around the globe. 3. As it happened, both of them had gone completely around the world. (WB p. 46)

32. as if/though … e.g. And here Kate ended the quarrel by jumping up, as ifshe had a new thought. Try to use as if/though. 1. Something had happened, but Mother remained calm.  Mother remained calm as if nothing had happened. 2. He has never been to China before but he knows a lot about the country.  He knows a lot about China as if he had been there before.

33. (as) + adj. + that … as (+ adj.) + that … I am positive that yesterday was Sunday asI am that I’m sitting in this chair. • I amas positive that yesterday was Sunday as I am that I’m sitting in this chair.

34. We are certain that Professor Brown will be elected head of the department just as we are certain that there are seven days in a week. • We are as certain that Professor Brown will be elected head of the department as we are that there are seven days in a week.

35. Translation 1.我肯定他会赢得冠军，就像我肯定我今年25岁一样。 I am as sure that he will get the champion as I am (sure) that I'm 25 this year. 2. 儿子能上大学，他很高兴，就像赢了大钱一样。 He was as delighted that his son was able to go to university as he was (delighted) that he won a fortune from the pools. (WB. p. 46)

36. mock (at) sth./sb. • (v.) make fun of 嘲笑; 嘲弄 e.g. The young man mocked convention. They mocked at his idea. • (adj.) not real or true; alike in appearance e.g. The army training exercises ended with a mock battle. • mockery (n.) e.g. 法庭不公正、仓促的决定是对司法公正的嘲弄。 The unfair and hasty decision of the court was a mockery of justice.

37. Inheritance, legacy, heritage Inheritance: most general. Refers both real estate and personal property left to someone in a will. It may also refer to anything handed down by one's predecessors, from hereditary traits or cultural traditions. e.g. the inheritance of a recessive gene from his mother's side the precious inheritance of freedom Legacy: a willed gift of money or personal property. Can be applied to abstract things like qualities, attitudes and rights. 强调写遗嘱的人的财物赠予意愿。也可指流传下来的抽象的东西，如品质，态度，原则，权利等 e.g. the legacy of race hatred left to America by the institution of slavery Heritage: refers to real property that goes by right to an heir. 强调名正言顺地继承物业。也可指流传下来的具体的东西，如建筑物。 e.g. The cathedrals are part of England's invaluable heritage.

38. Text II The Bermuda Triangle

40. Devil's sea or honeymoon paradise?

41. Questions • Where is the Bermuda Triangle located? • What is special about this area? • What do you think is the cause of all these mysterious accidents in the Triangle?

42. Language work • Choice of tense present perfect vs. past simple • Analyze the structure of the following sentences and try to translate them into Chinese: L 5-9 L 11-17 L 18-22 L 31-35

43. 1. This is usually referred to as the Bermuda Triangle, where more than a hundred planes and ships have literally vanished into thin air, most of them since 1945, and more than a thousand lives have been lost in the past thirty-three years, without a single body or even a piece of wreckage from the vanishing planes or ships having been found.

44. This is usually referred to as the Bermuda Triangle, where more than a hundred planes and ships have literally vanished into thin air, [most of them since 1945], and more than a thousand lives have been lost in the past thirty-three years, without a single body or even a piece of wreckage from the vanishing planes or ships having been found.

45. 这里通常被称为百慕大三角区，有100多架飞机和船只在这里消失得无影无踪，大部分都发生在1945年以后；在过去的33年中有1000多条生命在此丧生，却找不到飞机和船舶的残骸，也找不到失踪者的尸体。这里通常被称为百慕大三角区，有100多架飞机和船只在这里消失得无影无踪，大部分都发生在1945年以后；在过去的33年中有1000多条生命在此丧生，却找不到飞机和船舶的残骸，也找不到失踪者的尸体。

46. 2. Many of the planes concerned have vanished while in normal contact with their base or terminal destination until the very moment of their disappearance, while others have radioed the most extraordinary messages, implying that they could not get their instruments to function, that their compasses were spinning, that the sky had turned yellow and hazy (on a clear day), and the ocean (which was calm nearby) “didn’t look right” without further clarification of what was wrong.

47. Many of the planes concerned have vanished while in normal contact with their base or terminal destination until the very moment of their disappearance, while others have radioed the most extraordinary messages, implyingthat they could not get their instruments to function, that their compasses were spinning, that the sky had turned yellow and hazy (on a clear day), and the ocean (which was calm nearby) “didn’t look right” without further clarification of what was wrong.

48. 许多失踪的飞机直到失踪的前一刻，都与他们的基地或目的地有正常的无线电通讯，然而有一些飞机却发出离奇的信息，表示他们无法使仪器正常运作，他们的指南针在不停旋转，天空变得昏黄而且雾蒙蒙的（当时是天气晴朗的日子），海洋（附近都很平静）“看上去不对劲”，然后就没有进一步说明到底哪里出了错。许多失踪的飞机直到失踪的前一刻，都与他们的基地或目的地有正常的无线电通讯，然而有一些飞机却发出离奇的信息，表示他们无法使仪器正常运作，他们的指南针在不停旋转，天空变得昏黄而且雾蒙蒙的（当时是天气晴朗的日子），海洋（附近都很平静）“看上去不对劲”，然后就没有进一步说明到底哪里出了错。

49. 3. One group of five planes, a flight of Navy TBM Avengers, on a mission from the Fort Lauderdale Naval Air Station, on December 5, 1945, were the object, along with the Martin Mariner sent to rescue them, and which also disappeared, of one of the most intensive ground-sea rescue operations ever conducted, although no life rafts, oil slicks, or wreckage was ever located.

50. One group of five planes, (a flight of Navy TBM Avengers, on a mission from the Fort Lauderdale Naval Air Station, on December 5, 1945), were the object, [along with the Martin Mariner sent to rescue them, and which also disappeared], of one of the most intensive ground-sea rescue operationsever conducted, <although no life rafts, oil slicks, or wreckage was ever located>.