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Classifying Chemical Reactions (Section 8-3)

Classifying Chemical Reactions (Section 8-3). Following this section you should be able to: Identify a reaction type from a chemical equation. Predict the products of a chemical reaction when given the reactants.

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Classifying Chemical Reactions (Section 8-3)

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  1. Classifying Chemical Reactions(Section 8-3) Following this section you should be able to: • Identify a reaction type from a chemical equation. • Predict the products of a chemical reaction when given the reactants. • Use the Activity Series to determine whether or not a displacement reaction will occur as written. • Use Solubility Rules to identify the solid precipitate produced in a precipitation type double-displacement reaction.

  2. Decomposition AB  A + B CuCO3 (s) CuO + CO2 (g) 2 H2O (l)  2 H2 (g) + O2 (g) two or more simpler products only one reactant

  3. two elements or two simple compounds Synthesis AKA: Combination one product A + B  AB 2 Mg (s) + O2 (g) 2 MgO (s) CO2 (g) + H2O (l)  H2CO3 (aq)

  4. oxygen gas plus a hydrocarbon (a compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen; may also contain oxygen) CxH2y + (2x+y) O2xCO2 + yH2O Combustion CO2 + H2O 2C4H10 + 13O2  8CO2 + 10H2O

  5. Displacement AKA: Single Displacement Single Replacement Cation Displacement: A + BX  AX + B Anion Displacement: AX + Y  AY + X • Like displaces like: • a metal displaces the metal ion in a compound • a nonmetal displaces the nonmetal ion in a compound • Refer to Activity Series! Cation Displacement: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2 (aq) Anion Displacement: Cl2 (g) + 2 NaBr (aq)  2 NaCl (aq) + Br2 (l) an element and a compound other than a hydrocarbon

  6. The cations ‘switch partners’ and one of the new combinations forms an insoluble salt (precipitate). Refer to Solubility Rules! two ionic compounds in aqueous solution Double Displacement: Precipitation AB + CD  CB + AD Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 KI (aq)  PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3 (aq)

  7. an acid (formula begins with H-, or ends in –COOH) combines with a base (a metal hydroxide) HCl + NaOH HOH (l) + NaCl (aq) CH3COOH + NaOH HOH (l) + NaCH3COO HA + MOH  HOH + MA Double Displacement: Acid/Base water + a salt

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