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crime scene investigation

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crime scene investigation

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  1. CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION PRESENTED BY GURURAJ KULKARNI GUEST FACULTY KARNATAKA POLICE TRAINING COLLEGE GULBARGA

  2. ARRIVING AT THE SCENE INITIAL RESPONSE • 1. Initial response to an incident means • A) beginning of the investigation of crime scene. • B) it should be expeditious and methodical.

  3. Who is initial responding officer? What is his role in investigation? • The officer who first arrives at the crime scene. • The initial responding officer often makes or breaks a crime scene. • He gives Direction to crime scene. • He shall promptly yet cautiously approaches and enters the scene

  4. Observant of any person, vehicles, events, potential evidence and environment conditions.

  5. The duties of the initial responding officer • Recording the Time. • Entering the Scene Proper

  6. 1st STEP • The officer should do the following1. Note or log dispatch information (for example, address/ location, time, date, type of call, and parties involved) • 2. Note any persons or vehicles leaving the crime scene. • 3. Approach the scene cautiously, scan the entire area to thoroughly assess the scene, and note any possible secondary crime scenes.

  7. 4. Pay the attention to any persons or vehicles in the vicinity that may be related to the crime. • 5. Make initial observations (look, listen, smell) to assess the scene and ensure officer safety before proceeding. • 5. Remain alert and attentive. • 6. Assume that the crime is ongoing until determined to be otherwise.

  8. 7. Treat the location as a crime scene until assessed and determined to be otherwise. • The safety and physical well-being of officers and other individuals, in and around the crime scene, are the initial responding officer’s first priority.

  9. 2nd STAGE • 1. Ensure that there’s no immediate threat to other responders—scan area for sights, sounds, and smells that may present danger to personnel (for example, hazardous materials such as gasoline or natural gas). • 2.If the situation involves a clandestine drug laboratory, biological weapons, or radiological or chemical threats, the appropriate personnel/agency should be contacted prior to entering the scene.

  10. 3. Approach the scene in a manner designed to reduce risk of harm to the officer while maximizing the safety of victims, witnesses, and others in the area. • 4. Survey the scene for dangerous persons and control the situation

  11. 5. Notify supervisory personnel and call for assistance/ backup if necessary. • After controlling any dangerous situations or persons, the initial responding officer’s next responsibility is to ensure that medical attention is provided to injured persons while minimizing contamination of the scene.

  12. 3rd STAGE • 1. Assess the victim or victims for signs of injuries and life and provide immediate medical attention. • 2. Call for medical personnel. • 3. Guide medical personnel to the victim to minimize contamination/alteration of the crime scene.

  13. 4. Point out potential physical evidence to medical personnel, instruct them to minimize contact with such evidence. • 5. Ensure that medical personnel preserve all clothing and personal effects without cutting through bullet holes, knife tears. Document movement of persons or items originating from the scene. • 6. Instruct medical personnel not to “clean up” the scene and to avoid removal or alteration of items originating from the scene.

  14. 7. If medical personnel arrived first, obtain the name, unit, and telephone number of attending personnel, and the name and location of the medical facility where the victim is to be taken. • 8.If there’s a chance the victim may die, attempt to obtain a “dying declaration.”

  15. 9. Document any statements/comments made by victims, suspects, or witnesses at the scene. • 10. If the victim or suspect is transported to a medical facility, a law enforcement official should accompany the victim or suspect to document any comments made and preserve evidence.

  16. 4th STEP • Controlling, identifying, and removing persons at the crime scene and limiting the number of persons who enter the crime scene and the movement of such persons is the next important function of the initial responding officer in protecting the crime scene.

  17. 1. Control all individuals at the scene—prevent individuals from altering/destroying physical evidence by restricting movement, location, and activity while ensuring and maintaining safety at the scene.

  18. 2. Identify all individuals at the scene, such as suspects (secure and separate), witnesses (secure and separate), bystanders, victims/family/friends (control while showing compassion), and medical and other assisting personnel. If the individual is a witness, treat as above; if not, remove from the scene.

  19. 3. Exclude unauthorized and nonessential personnel from the scene (law enforcement officials not working the case, politicians, media).

  20. 5th STEP • Next, defining and controlling boundaries provide a means for protecting and securing the crime scene. • The number of crime scenes and their boundaries are determined by their location(s) and the type of crime. • Boundaries should be established beyond the initial scope of the crime scene(s) with the understanding that the boundaries can be reduced in size

  21. 1. Identify potential points and paths of exit and entry of suspects and witnesses as well as places where the victim/evidence may have been moved (be aware of trace and impression evidence while assessing the scene).

  22. 2. Set up physical barriers (ropes, cones, crime scene barrier tape, available vehicles, personnel, other equipment) or use existing boundaries (doors, walls, gates). • 3. Document the entry/exit of all people entering and leaving the scene after boundaries have been established. • 4. Control the flow of personnel and animals entering and leaving the scene to maintain integrity of the scene.

  23. 5. Effect measures to preserve/protect evidence that may be lost or compromised (protect from the elements [rain, snow, wind] and from footsteps, tire tracks, and sprinklers). • 6. Document the original location of the victim or objects that you observe being moved.

  24. 7. Consider search and seizure issues to determine the necessity of obtaining consent to search and/or obtain a search warrant. • 8. Persons shouldn’t smoke, chew tobacco, use the telephone or bathroom, eat or drink, move any items (including weapons) unless necessary for the safety and well-being of persons at the scene, adjust the thermostat or open windows or doors (maintain scene as found), touch anything unnecessarily (note and document any items moved), reposition moved items, litter, or spit within the established boundaries of the scene.

  25. Establishing boundaries is a critical aspect in controlling the integrity of evidentiary material. • It’s important that all POLICE officers have a good basic knowledge of crime scene protocols and procedures.

  26. DEDICATION • DEDICATED TO THE POLICE

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