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The Cold War: Superpowers, Conflicts, and the End

Explore the causes, events, and consequences of the Cold War, including the Berlin Blockade, Korean War, Cuban Missile Crisis, and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union.

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The Cold War: Superpowers, Conflicts, and the End

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  1. International Relations in the 20th Century 25 Part 2: The Rise of the Superpowers, 1945–91 • WHAT YOU WILL LEARN • At the end of this chapter you should understand ... • The causes of the Cold War. • The causes, progress and results of the Berlin Blockade. • The causes, progress and results of the Korean War. • The causes, progress and results of the Cuban Missile Crisis. • The end of the Cold War.

  2. What was the Cold War? The Cold War was a time of hostility and tension between the two superpowers, the USA and the USSR. Each side followed policies that were intended to strengthen itself and to weaken the other side, without actually fighting. SUPERPOWERS USA USSR Why were the USA and the USSR regarded as superpowers?

  3. What caused the Cold War? Political Differences Disagreements during WWII What caused the Cold War? The Marshall Plan Post-War Disagreements The Truman Doctrine What is the message of this cartoon?

  4. Major Events of the Cold War The Korean War The Cuban Missile Crisis The Berlin Blockade Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech Berlin Blockade and Airlift Korean War Cuban Missile Crisis Fall of the Berlin Wall Collapse of SU – End of the Cold War 1950–53 1989 1991 1946 1948–49 1962

  5. Case Study 1: The Berlin Blockade, 1948–49 GERMANY DIVIDED Baltic Sea North Sea POLAND NETHERLANDS British zone French sector Berlin Soviet zone Soviet sector British sector BELGIUM GERMANY French zone US sector LUX CZECHOSLOVAKIA US zone FRANCE Munich SWITZERLAND AUSTRIA How was Germany divided after WWII?

  6. How should Germany be treated after the war? American and British view Soviet view Revive Germany Reparations New currency Cut off road, rail and canal links

  7. The Berlin airlift How did the Allies overcome the blockade?

  8. The Results of the Berlin Blockade Soviet Union not prepared to go to war Federal Republic of Germany The Results of the Berlin Blockade Emigration to West Berlin – Berlin Wall built German Democratic Republic NATO Warsaw Pact

  9. EUROPE AFTER WORLD WAR II NATO FINLAND Two Armed Camps – Europe divided during the Cold War NORWAY Warsaw Pact Communist but independent SWEDEN Neutral The ‘Iron Curtain’ ÉIRE DENMARK UNITED KINDGOM HOLLAND EAST GERMANY USSR POLAND LUX. WEST GERMANY FRANCE CZECHOSLOVAKIA BELG. PORTUGAL SWITZ HUNGARY ROMANIA YUGOSLAVIA ITALY SPAIN BULGARIA ALBANIA GREECE TURKEY SYRIA ‘From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an Iron curtain has descended across the Continent.’ (Churchill)

  10. CHINA Case Study 2: The Korean War, 1950–53 The New York Times 28 June, 1950. TRUMAN ORDERS US AIR, NAVY UNITS TO FIGHT IN AID OF KOREA UN COUNCIL SUPPORTS HIM The Soviets are Absent Council Adopts Plan of US for Armed Force in Korea River Yalu North Korean invasion begins 25 June 1950 38th parallel Seoul 14 September 1950 How did the Korean War begin? Pusan June–September 1950

  11. Progress of the Korean War Chinese invasion 25 November 1950 CHINA CHINA CHINA River Yalu River Yalu River Yalu September– October 1950 Pyongyang 38th parallel 38th parallel 38th parallel Inchon Seoul UN landing 15 September 1950 25 November 1950 January–July 1951 Stalemate July 1951 January 1951 November 1950 –January 1951 How did the war progress?

  12. The Results of the Korean War Death Japan – new ally of America The Results of the Korean War Role of the United Nations Contain communism Rigid communist dictatorship

  13. Sport Propaganda Space Race The Cold War Spreads The Arms Race

  14. Case Study 3: The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962 American connection Castro takes over Background and Causes Soviet support Bay of Pigs

  15. CANADA Range of long-range missiles (3,200 km) Why did the Cuban Missile Crisis threaten war? UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Boston Danger of War New York Chicago Salt Lake City Washington Denver Atlantic Ocean Range of short-range missiles (1,600 km) Cape Canaveral (space research) New Orleans MEXICO Miami Bahamas USA US naval blockade of Cuba Approaching Soviet ships Cuban missile sites Havana CUBA Bay of Pigs

  16. The Results of the Cuban Missile Crisis Never again risk nuclear war Washington–Moscow hotline Results Continued hostile relations between US and Cuba Nuclear Test Ban Treaty US dismantle missiles in Turkey

  17. Cold War Comes to an End How did the Cold War come to an end?

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